The new species is morphologically similar to M. parimitator Wei, 1998 in body and legs mainly black; antennae rather robust, middle antennomeres not inflated; anterior margin shallowly incised to approximately 1/3 its length, lateral corners somewhat short and broad; malar space linear, approximately 0.5× as broad as diameter of middle ocellus; lancet narrow and long, with 20 serrulae; but differs from the latter in having vertex shiny; frontal area coarsely and densely punctured, with smooth interspaces between punctures distinct; anterior 1/6 of katepimeron very smooth and shiny, without punctures or microsculpture, posterior 5/6 with some shallow large punctures, microsculpture indistinct; dorsal surface of middle tibia black, without white macula subapically; dorsal surface of hind tibia with a small, narrow white macula; cell 2Rs of fore wing clearly shorter than cell 1R₁, petiole of anal cell in hind wing as long as cross-vein cu-a; middle serrulae with 2 proximal and 8–11 distal teeth, subbasal teeth clear and small. The new species is also morphologically similar to M. jiaozhaoae Wei & Zhao, 2011 in body and legs mainly black; antennae rather robust, middle antennomeres not inflated; ventral surface of hind trochanter with a small, weak black macula; pronotum entirely black; fronts flat and not extending above top of eyes; hind tibia with subapical white macula distinctly shorter than half length of hind tibia; ovipositor sheath clearly shorter than middle tibia; but differs from the latter in having anterior margin of clypeus incised to approximately 1/3 its length; middle serrulae with 2 proximal and 8–11 distal teeth; petiole of anal cell in hind wing as long as cross-vein cu-a.

Holotype: female. Body length 7 mm. Body and legs black; following parts pale brown: palp mostly, a small triangular macula on apical margin of clypeus, ventral surface of fore tarsomere mostly; following parts white: basal half of mandibles, transverse macula submedially on posterior margin of abdominal tergum 1, apical margins of all coxae, apical margins of fore and middle trochanters, hind trochanter except for ventral surface with a small black macula, apex of fore and middle femora anteriorly, anterior surface of middle tibia, hind tibia with long, narrow subapical macula on dorsal surface. Body hairs short and dense, silver; setae on ovipositor sheath slightly long and curved, blackish brown. Wings hyaline, without smoky macula, pterostigma and veins mostly blackish brown (Figure 1A).

Figure 1. 

Macrophya longlingensis sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A. Female adult, dorsal view; B. Head of female, dorsal view; C. Head of female, frontal view; D. Antenna of female, lateral view; E. Mesopleuron and metapleuron of female; F. Ovipositor sheath, lateral view; G. Lancet; H. The 7^th–9^th serrulae. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 100 µm (G); 50 µm (H).

Vertex shiny; frontal area coarsely and densely punctured clearly, smooth interspaces distinct and smooth; interspaces of postocellar area with small areas and some large punctures, interspaces distinct and without microsculpture (Figure 1B); labrum and clypeus less shiny, punctures on labrum sparse, punctures on clypeus denser, microsculpture weak (Figure 1C). Mesonotum less shiny, punctures on mesonotum smaller and denser than punctures on head, interspaces distinct and smooth; center of mesoscutellum with some large punctures, interspaces broad, marginal area with denser punctures than center; mesoscutellar appendage mostly and metascutellum entirely smooth and shiny, but bottom of mesoscutellar appendage with weak microsculpture and without distinct punctures. Mesopleuron less shiny, mesepisternum with dense and coarse punctures, upper half with punctures large and interspaces broad, lower half with punctures small and interspaces narrow; anepimeron dull, with coarse wrinkles; anterior 1/6 of katepimeron very smooth and shiny, without punctures or microsculpture, posterior 5/6 of katepimeron with some shallow large punctures, dorsal half with some deep punctures; metepisternum dull, with minute punctures, microsculpture distinct; metepimeron less shiny, depressed area with some punctures and weak microsculpture; metepimeronal appendage platform-shaped, with some minute punctures (Figure 1E). All abdominal terga shiny, laterally abdominal tergum 1 with some shallow punctures, nearly smooth submedially; other abdominal terga less shiny, anterior 2/3 with some shallow punctures and weak microsculpture, posterior 1/3 smooth. Outer surface of hind coxa with somewhat dense and coarse punctures, outer surface of hind femur with sparse shallow punctures and fine microsculpture. Surface of ovipositor sheath coriaceous, with indistinct punctures and fine microsculpture.

Labrum elevated medially, anterior margin slightly truncate; clypeus weakly elevated, base slightly broader than distance between lower inner orbits of eyes, lateral sides distinctly convergent apically, anterior margin shallowly incised to approximately 1/3 its length, lateral corners somewhat short and broad, lobe margin subtriangular (Figure 1C); malar space linear, approximately 0.5× as broad as diameter of middle ocellus; frontal area and face flat, slightly higher than top of eyes in lateral view; middle fovea weak, pot-shaped, lateral foveae clear, short furrow-like; interocellar furrow shallow, postocellar furrow weak; POL: OOL: OCL = 8: 12: 9; postocellar area weakly elevated, approximately 2.2× broader than long; lateral furrow somewhat broad and shallow, divergent posteriorly; head narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view, occipital carina complete. Antenna rather robust, approximately 1.1× longer than head and thorax together (16: 15), approximately as long as abdomen; antennomere 2 approximately 1.3× as long as breadth; antennomere 3 approximately 1.5× as long as antennomere 4 (43: 29), approximately 0.8× as long as antennomeres 4 and 5 together (43: 55), middle antennomeres not inflated, subapical antennomeres weakly compressed (Figure 1D). Mesoscutellum elevated, without median ridge or carina, as high as top of mesonotum in lateral view; mesoscutellar appendage with acute middle longitudinal carina; metascutellum with short and low carina; posterodorsal platform of mesepimeron as broad as diameter of middle ocellus; metepimeronal appendage small platform-shaped; distance between cenchri 2.5× breadth of a cenchrus; mesopleuron and metapleuron as shown in Figure 1E. Inner tibial spur of hind leg 0.6× length of metabasitarsus (20: 33); metabasitarsus slender, about 1.1× longer than following four tarsomeres together (11: 10); claw with inner tooth slightly shorter than outer tooth. Ovipositor sheath slightly shorter than metabasitarsus (10: 11), apical sheath longer than basal sheath (3: 2), setae on ovipositor sheath slightly curved and long in dorsal view, apical margin round in lateral view (Figure 1F). Fore wing with cross-vein cu-a joining cell 1M in basal 1/3, cross-vein 2r joining cell 2Rs in apical 1/5, cell 2Rs clearly shorter than cell 1R₁, petiole of anal cell twice longer than cross-vein 1r-m and as long as cross-vein cu-a; petiole of anal cell in hind wing as long as cross-vein cu-a. Lancet narrow and long, with 20 serrulae (Figure 1G), serrulae slightly protruding and oblique, middle serrulae with 2 proximal and 8–11 distal teeth, subbasal teeth distinct and small, annular spine bands somewhat broad, the 7^th–9^th serrulae as shown in Figure 1H.

Unknown.

Holotype, ♀, China: Yunnan Province: Longling County, Mount Xiaohei, 24°41.713'N, 98°45.574'E, 2010 m, 2.vi.2009, leg. Zejian Li, ethylacetate. Paratypes, 1♀, same data, but leg. Gengyun Niu; 2♀, Yunnan Province: Longling County, Mount Gaoligong, 24°49.700'N, 98°46.062'E, 2145 m, 2.vi.2009, leg. Yihai Zhong, ethylacetate; 1♀, Yunnan Province: Yunlong County, Mount Daoren, 25°32.893'N, 99°11.267'E, 2265 m, 3.vi.2009, leg. Gengyun Niu, ethylacetate; 1♀, Yunnan Province: Lushui County, Yaojiaping, 25°975'N, 98°710'E, 2550 m, 3.vi.2009, leg. Wei Xiao, ethylacetate.

Unknown.

China (Yunnan).

The specific name “longlingensis” is derived from Longling County (Yunnan Province) where the holotype was collected.

The new species is morphologically similar to M. jiaozhaoae Wei & Zhao, 2010 in body and legs mainly black; antennae rather robust, middle antennomeres not inflated; lancet narrow and long, serrulae slightly protruding and oblique; hind tibia with subapical white macula distinctly shorter than half length of hind tibia; ovipositor sheath clearly shorter than middle tibia; but differs from the latter in having vertex less shiny, interspaces of postocular area and postocellar area with some large punctures, interspaces between punctures distinct; anterior margin of clypeus deeply incised to approximately 2/5 its length; postocellar area about 1.6× broader than long; posterior margin of abdominal tergum 1 with broad white band; petiole of anal cell in fore wing shorter than cross-vein cu-a, petiole of anal cell in hind wing as long as cross-vein cu-a; setae on ovipositor sheath slightly curved and sparse in dorsal view; middle serrulae with 2 proximal and 7–10 distal teeth. The new species is also morphologically similar to M. imitator Takeuchi, 1937 in body and legs mainly black; antennae rather robust, middle antennomeres not inflated; pronotum and hind trochanter entirely black; but differs from the latter in having postocellar area twice broader than long; hind tibia with subapical white macula on dorsal surface weak; middle serrulae with 2 proximal and 7–10 distal teeth.

Holotype: female. Body length 8 mm. Body and legs black; palp mostly blackish brown; a small triangular macula on apical margin of clypeus pale brown; following parts white: basal half of mandibles, broad band on posterior margin of abdominal tergum 1 submedially, apical margins of fore and middle coxae, their outer surfaces with some longitudinal stripes, apical margin of hind coxa, fore and middle trochanters narrowly, hind trochanter entirely, anterior surface of fore and middle femora apically, anterior surface of fore tibia, hind tibia with small dorsal macula subapically; ventral surfaces of fore and middle tarsomeres mostly pale brown to pale blackish brown. Body hairs short and dense, silver; setae on ovipositor sheath slightly long and curved, blackish brown. Wings hyaline, without smoky macula, pterostigma and veins mostly blackish brown (Figure 2A).

Figure 2. 

Macrophya nieshuaiguoi sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A. Female adult, dorsal view; B. Head of female, dorsal view; C. Head of female, frontal view; D. Antenna of female, lateral view; E. Mesopleuron and metapleuron of female; F. Ovipositor sheath, lateral view; G. Lancet; H. The 8^th–10^th serrulae. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 100 µm (G, H).

Vertex less shiny; frontal area coarsely and densely punctured, interspaces smooth and narrow; interspaces of postocular area and postocellar area with sparse large punctures, interspaces between punctures distinct (Figure 2B); labrum and clypeus less shiny, labrum and clypeus with sparse shallow large punctures, microsculpture distinct; punctures on labrum shallow, punctures on clypeus denser toward apex (Figure 2C). Mesonotum less shiny, punctures smaller than those on head, interspaces smooth but indistinct and without microsculpture; center of mesoscutellum with sparse large punctures, interspaces broad, marginal area with dense punctures than center; mesoscutellar appendage somewhat shiny, with sparse minute punctures and weak microsculpture; metascutellum somewhat shiny, with punctures indistinct and microsculpture weak. Mesopleuron less shiny, mesepisternum with dense and coarse punctures, upper half with punctures large and interspaces broad, lower half with punctures small and interspaces narrow; anepimeron dull, with coarse wrinkles; anterior 1/5 of katepimeron very smooth and shiny, without punctures or microsculpture, posterior 4/5 of katepimeron with some large shallow punctures, dorsal half with sparse coarse punctures; metepisternum dull, with minute punctures, microsculpture clear; metepimeron less shiny, depressed area with sparse punctures and weak microsculpture; metepimeronal appendage platform-shaped, with sparse minute punctures (Figure 2E). All abdominal terga somewhat shiny, two lateral sides of abdominal tergum 1 with sparse shallow punctures, central parts with fine but distinct microsculpture; other abdominal terga less shiny, anterior 3/5 of abdominal terga 2–8 with sparse shallow punctures, posterior 2/5 of abdominal terga 2–8 with weak microsculpture. Outer surface of hind coxa with somewhat dense and coarse punctures, outer surface of hind femur with some shallow punctures and fine microsculpture. Surface of sheath coriaceous, with indistinct punctures and fine microsculpture.

Labrum elevated medially, anterior margin slightly truncate; clypeus weakly elevated, base slightly broader than distance between lower inner orbits of eyes, lateral sides distinctly convergent apically, anterior margin deeply incised to approximately half its length, lateral corners short and broad, lobe margin roundly subtriangular (Figure 2C); malar space linear, approximately 0.6× as broad as diameter of middle ocellus; frontal area and face flat, as high as top of eyes in lateral view; middle fovea weak, lateral foveae shallow, short furrow-like; interocellar furrow shallow, postocellar furrow weak; POL: OOL: OCL = 7: 20: 13; postocellar area weakly elevated, approximately twice as broad as long; lateral furrow somewhat narrow, divergent posteriorly; head narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view, occipital carina complete. Antenna rather robust, approximately 1.3× longer than head and thorax together (4: 3), approximately 1.2× longer than abdomen (20: 17); antennomere 2 approximately 1.2× as long as breadth; antennomere 3 approximately 1.4× as long as antennomere 4 (33: 23), approximately 0.75× as long as antennomeres 4 and 5 together (33: 44), middle antennomeres not inflated, subapical antennomeres weakly compressed (Figure 2D). Mesoscutellum elevated roundly, without median ridge or carina, as high as top of mesonotum in lateral view; mesoscutellar appendage with slightly acute middle longitudinal carina; metascutellum with short and low carina; posterodorsal platform of mesepimeron as broad as diameter of middle ocellus; metepimeronal appendage small platform-shaped; distance between cenchri 2.2× breadth of a cenchrus; mesopleuron and metapleuron as shown in Figure 2E. Inner tibial spur of hind leg 0.6× length of metabasitarsus (3: 5); metabasitarsus slender, about 1.3× longer than following four tarsomeres together (5: 4); claw with inner tooth slightly shorter than outer tooth. Ovipositor sheath shorter than metabasitarsus (31: 45), apical sheath clearly longer than basal sheath (20: 11), setae on ovipositor sheath slightly curved in dorsal view, apical margin round in lateral view (Figure 2F). Fore wing with cross-vein cu-a joining cell 1M in basal 1/3, cross-vein 2r joining cell 2Rs in apical 1/3, cell 2Rs clearly slightly shorter than cell 1R₁, petiole of anal cell 1.5× longer than cross-vein 1r-m and slightly shorter than cross-vein cu-a; petiole of anal cell in hind wing as long as cross-vein cu-a. Lancet narrow and long, with 24 serrulae (Figure 2G), serrulae slightly protruding and oblique, middle serrulae with 2 proximal and 7–10 distal teeth, subbasal teeth distinct and small, annular spine bands somewhat narrow, the 8^th–10^th serrulae as shown in Figure 2H.

Unknown.

Holotype, ♀, China: Yunnan Province: Liuku County, Pianma, Yakou, 25°58.21'N, 98°41.06'E, 3138 m, 19.vii. 2008, leg. Shuaiguo Nie, ethylacetate.

Unknown.

China (Yunnan).

The specific name “nieshuaiguoi” is derived from the name of Mr. Shuaiguo Nie for collecting the holotype of this new species.

The new species is morphologically similar to M. weni Wei, 1998 in body and legs mainly black; antennae rather robust, middle antennomeres not inflated; ovipositor sheath much longer than middle tibia; but differs from the latter in having postocellar area twice as broad as long; pronotum entirely black; distance between cenchri twice breadth of a cenchrus; middle serrulae with 2 or 3 proximal and 9 or 10 distal teeth; fore wing below pterostigma with slightly smoky and ill-defined maculae. The new species is also morphologically similar to M. omeialpina Li, Jiang & Wei, 2018 in body and legs mainly black; antennae rather robust, middle antennomeres not inflated; pronotum entirely black; dorsal surface of hind tibia with a subapical white macula smaller than M. weni; but differs from the latter in having postocellar area 2.5× broader than long; POL: OOL: OCL = 4.5: 10: 5.5; antennomere 3 approximately 1.4× as long as antennomere 4 (13: 9); distance between cenchri twice breadth of a cenchrus; middle serrulae with 2 or 3 proximal and 9 or 10 distal teeth; cell 2Rs as long as cell 1R₁, petiole of anal cell in hind wing 0.6× as long as cross-vein cu-a.

Holotype: female. Body length 7.5 mm. Body and legs black; a small triangular macula in anterior margin of clypeus pale brown; following parts white: basal half of mandibles, narrow band on posterior margin of abdominal tergum 1 submedially, apical margins of fore and middle coxae, apical half in anterior surface of fore femur, base mostly in anterior surface of fore tibia, hind trochanter entirely, hind tibia with small dorsal macula subapically. Body hairs short and dense, silvery; setae on ovipositor sheath slightly curved, blackish brown. Wings hyaline, below pterostigma with pale smoky macula, boundary ill-defined, pterostigma and veins mostly blackish brown (Figure 3A).

Figure 3. 

Macrophya zejiani sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A. Female adult, dorsal view; B. Head of female, dorsal view; C. Head of female, frontal view; D. Antenna of female, lateral view; E. Mesopleuron and metapleuron of female; F. Ovipositor sheath, lateral view; G. Lancet; H. The 8^th–10^th serrulae. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 100 µm (G); 50 µm (H).

Vertex less shiny; frontal area coarsely and densely punctured, interspaces smooth but weak; postocellar area mostly with sparse large punctures, interspaces narrow (Figure 3B); labrum and clypeus less shiny, punctures on labrum and clypeus sparse shallow and microsculpture fine (Figure 3C). Mesonotum less shiny, punctures smaller than those on head, interspaces smooth but indistinct and without microsculpture; center of mesoscutellum with sparse large punctures and fine microsculpture; basal half of mesoscutellar appendage rugose, apical half smooth, without distinct puncture; metascutellum somewhat shiny, punctures indistinct and microsculpture weak. Mesopleuron less shiny, mesepisternum with dense and coarse punctures, interspaces smooth but indistinct; anepimeron dull, with coarse wrinkles; anterior margin of katepimeron very smooth and shiny, without punctures or microsculpture, otherwise with sparse large shallow punctures, dorsal half with sparse coarse punctures; metepisternum dull, with minute punctures; metepimeron less shiny, most parts with sparse punctures and weak microsculpture; metepimeronal appendage platform-shaped, with some minute punctures (Figure 3E). All abdominal terga somewhat shiny, abdominal tergum 1 with sparse shallow punctures, with fine but distinct microsculpture submedially; other abdominal terga with minute and shallow punctures, microsculpture weak. Outer surface of hind coxa with somewhat dense and coarse punctures, ventral surface of hind coxa and outer surface of hind femur with sparse shallow punctures and fine microsculpture. Surface of ovipositor sheath coriaceous, with indistinct punctures and fine microsculpture.

Labrum elevated medially, anterior margin slightly truncate; clypeus weakly elevated, base slightly broader than distance between lower inner orbits of eyes, lateral sides distinctly convergent apically, anterior margin deeply incised to approximately 1/5 its length, lateral corners short and broad, lobe margin roundly subtriangular (Figure 3C); malar space linear, approximately 0.5× as broad as diameter of middle ocellus; frontal area and face flat, slightly higher than top of eyes in lateral view; middle fovea weak, lateral foveae shallow, short furrow-like; interocellar furrow shallow, postocellar furrow weak; POL: OOL: OCL = 9: 20: 11; postocellar area weakly elevated, 2.5× broader than long; lateral furrow somewhat narrow, divergent posteriorly; head narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view, occipital carina complete. Antenna rather robust, approximately 1.2× longer than head and thorax together (17:14), approximately 1.1× longer than abdomen (17: 15); antennomere 2 approximately 1.2× as long as breadth; antennomere 3 approximately 1.4× as long as antennomere 4 (39: 27), approximately 0.8× as long as antennomeres 4 and 5 together (39: 51), middle antennomeres not inflated, subapical antennomeres weakly compressed (Figure 3D). Mesoscutellum roundly elevated, with weak middle ridge or carina, as high as top of mesonotum in lateral view; mesoscutellar appendage with lower middle longitudinal carina; metascutellum with short and lower carina; posterodorsal platform of mesepimeron as broad as diameter of middle ocellus; metepimeronal appendage small platform-shaped; distance between cenchri twice breadth of a cenchrus; mesopleuron and metapleuron as shown in Figure 3E. Inner tibial spur of hind leg 0.6× length of metabasitarsus (5: 8); metabasitarsus slender, about 1.1× longer than following four tarsomeres together (8: 7); claw with inner tooth slightly shorter than outer tooth. Ovipositor sheath clearly longer than metabasitarsus (5: 4), apical sheath as long as basal sheath, setae on ovipositor sheath slightly curved in dorsal view, apical margin round in lateral view (Figure 3F). Fore wing with cross-vein cu-a joining cell 1M in basal 1/4, cross-vein 2r joining cell 2Rs in apical 1/4, cell 2Rs as long as cell 1R₁, petiole of anal cell slightly shorter than cross-vein 1r-m and petiole of anal cell in hind wing 0.6× longer than cross-vein cu-a. Lancet narrow and long, with 21 serrulae (Figure 3G), serrulae clearly protruding and oblique platform-shaped, middle serrulae with 2 or 3 proximal and 9 or 10 distal teeth, subbasal teeth distinct and small, annular spine bands narrow, the 8^th–10^th serrulae as shown in Figure 3H.

Unknown.

Holotype, ♀, China: Yunnan Province: Deqin County, Mountt Meri, 28°425'N, 98°805'E, 2700 m, 20.vi.2009, leg. Yihai Zhong, ethylacetate.

Unknown.

China (Yunnan).

Figure 4. 

Geographical distribution map of M. imitator group in China.

The specific name “zejiani” is derived from the name of Dr. Zejian Li who has made great contributions to the study of Macrophya systematics.