SL, standard length; HL, head length; Collection codes: FFR, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Zoology Collection of the Faculty of Fisheries, Rize; FSJF, Fischsammlung J. Freyhof, Berlin, Germany. IUSHM, Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Hydrobiology Museum, Istanbul; NMW, Natural History Museum Vienna; ZFMK-ICH, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Ichthyology Collection, Bonn; ZMH, Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg.

Genomic DNA extraction of Oxynoemacheilus specimens was performed according to the application protocol recommended by the manufacturer using the DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). Amplification of the barcode region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene of vertebrate mitochondrial DNA was performed according to Bektaş et al. (2022)’s thermocycler conditions of which PCR protocol (4 min. first denaturation at 94 °C, followed by 30 cycles of denaturing for 30 1 min. at 94 °C, annealing for 30 sec. at 61 °C, extending for 1 min. at 72 °C and final extension for 7 min. at 72 °C) using forward FishF1 (5’-TCAACCAACCACAAAGACATTGGCAC-3’; Ward et al. 2005) and reverse FishR1 (5’-TAGACTTCTGGGTGGCCAAAGAATCA-3’; Ward et al. 2005) primers were used for amplification. PCR products were purified using the QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and bidirectional sequencing of PCR products was performed with an ABI PRISM 3730×1 Genetic Analyser using a BigDye Terminator 3.1 cycle sequencing ready reaction kit (Applied Biosystem) at Macrogen Europe. The obtained sequences were deposited in NCBI’s GenBank with the accession numbes between OR689585–OR689588.

Oxynoemacheilus species distributed in the Euphrates and all other species, except O. zagrosensis, of the O. persa species group, as well as all other species known from the Euphrates drainage, were included in our dataset (Fig. 1). References to the sequences downloaded from Genbank are as follows: Geiger et al. (2014); Esmaeili et al. (2014); Freyhof et al. (2016); Sayyadzadeh and Esmaeili (2020); Kaya et al. (2020); Freyhof and Geiger (2021); Bektaş et al. (2022); Freyhof et al. (2022). The chromatograms of raw COI sequences obtained after sequencing were examined with the Bioedit 7.2.5 (Hall, 1999) program and the detected errors were manually edited. Base composition, and distinctive and diagnostic nucleotide positions were determined with the MEGA version X (Kumar et al. 2018) programme. The mean inter-species genetic distance values of Oxynoemacheilus were calculated in MEGA X according to the uncorrected p-distance model (Srivathsan and Meier 2012).

Figure 1. 

Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree was reconstructed based on the COI-Barcode gene. ML and BI methods resulted in generally similar topologies with minor differences, and therefore only the ML tree is shown. The bootstrap values of ML and posterior probability values of BI are indicated on nodes (ML/BI). The bootstrap percentage values (BP) ≥ 50% from ML analysis and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) ≥ 0.50 are shown on the nodes.

Phylogenetic relationships among Oxynoemacheilus species were estimated using Maximum Likelihood (ML; Felsenstein 1981) algorithm in MEGA X programme, and Bayesian analysis (BI) in MrBayes v3.2.1 programme (Ronquist et al. 2012). For ML and BI analyses, the best-fit evolution models were determined according to Akaike Information Criteria (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) in the jModeltest 0.1.1 (Posada 2008). The ML tree was generated with 1000 bootstrap replicates using the GTR+G model that was selected by the lowest AIC score. The BI tree was generated implementing the GTR+G model that was selected by the lowest BIC score. The BI analyses were run for 5 million generations, sampling every 1000 generations. A conservative 25% of the trees were discarded as burn-in based on Bayesian analysis. No further software was used for checking the runs’ convergence. Visualization of the BI tree was performed by iTOL (Interactive Tree of Life; https://itol.embl.de/), a web-based software.

Molecular analysis was conducted with four newly-generated DNA barcodes (see Genetic material section) and in addition already published data from NCBI GenBank. The average nucleotide frequency of four sequences of O. chaboras were A = 22.0%, T = 30.2%, C = 28.2% and G = 19.7%, and the nucleotide composition was A-T (52.2%) rich. Although the phylogenetic tree topologies reconstructed by both ML and BI methods indicated some minor differences from each other, they were generally compatible. In both topologies, some of the internal branches corresponding to the phylogenetic relationships between species, were weakly supported (Fig. 1).

The members of the O. persa species group (as defined by Freyhof and Geiger 2021) are distributed in two sub-clades with strong support according to the BI (PP: 0.96; Fig. 1) and ML (BP: 77%; Fig. 1) results. The first sub-clade includes O. chaboras, Oxynoemacheilus shehabi Freyhof & Geiger, 2021, Oxynoemacheilus euphraticus (Bănărescu & Nalbant, 1964), O. persa, Oxynoemacheilus sarus Freyhof, Yoğurtçuoğlu & Kaya, 2021 and Oxynoemacheilus karunensis Freyhof, 2016, while the second sub-clade includes Oxynoemacheilus argyrogramma (Heckel, 1847), Oxynoemacheilus kentritensis Freyhof, Kaya & Turan, 2017, Oxynoemacheilus zarzianus Freyhof & Geiger, 2017, Oxynoemacheilus hanae Freyhof & Abdullah, 2017, Oxynoemacheilus kurdistanicus Kamangar, Prokofiev, Ghaderi & Nalbant, 2014, Oxynoemacheilus marunensis Sayyadzadeh & Esmaeili, 2020, O. zagrosensis and O. chomanicus. Oxynoemacheilus chaboras clusters as the sister species of the first sub-clade with weak support (BP: less than 50%; PP: 0.54; Fig. 1). Oxynoemacheilus chaboras is distinguished from O. euphraticus, O. shehabi, O. persa, O. sarus and O. karunensis by 19, 23, 23, 27 and 29 diagnostic base positions, respectively. It is genetically most similar to O. euphraticus with a mean uncorrected p-distance value of 3.24% (minimum 3.09% – maximum 3.58%). It is distinguished from O. shehabi, O. persa, O. sarus and O. karunensis by mean 3.82% (min. 3.74%), 3.82% (min. 3.74%), 4.88% (min. 4.39%) and 5.20% (min. 4.88%), respectively. Table 1 displays the mean pairwise genetic distance results for each species.

 Oxynoemacheilus chaboras sp. nov.

https://zoobank.org/A8C6E729-44C3-4B5C-9FCE-4A1906C9CDBE

Figs 2, 3, 4

Type material

Holotype. FFR 15646, 53 mm SL; Türkiye: Mardin prov.: stream Beyazsu 14 km north of Nusaybin, 37.1989, 41.3076.

Paratypes. FFR 1428, 11, 46–60 mm SL: same data as holotype. — FFR 15633, 2, 40–51 mm SL; FSJF 4116, 4, 46–55; Türkiye: Mardin prov.: stream Beyazsu 12 km north of Nusaybin, 37.1730, 41.2690.

Genetic material

FFR DNA-Oxy378, 379, 380, 381; same data as holotype (GenBank accession numbers: OR689585, OR689586, OR689587, OR689588).

Diagnosis

Oxynoemacheilus araxensis, O. argyrogramma, Oxynoemacheilus arsaniasus Freyhof, Kaya, Turan & Geiger, 2019, Oxynoemacheilus bergianus (Derjavin, 1934), O. euphraticus, Oxynoemacheilus kaynaki Erk’akan, Özeren & Nalbant, 2008, Oxynoemacheilus muefiti Freyhof, Kaya, Turan & Geiger, 2019, Oxynoemacheilus paucilepis (Erk’akan, Nalbant & Özeren, 2007), and Oxynoemacheilus tigris (Heckel, 1843) are other species of Oxynoemacheilus known from the Euphrates drainage (Fig. 5). Oxynoemacheilus chaboras, is distinguished from these by a combination of characters, none of them unique to the species.

Oxynoemacheilus chaboras belongs to a group of species (O. argyrogramma, O. chaboras, O. euphraticus) having two bold, black, round or comma-shaped blotches on the caudal-fin base (vs. absent in Oxynoemacheilus araxensis, O. arsaniasus, O. bergianus, O. kaynaki, O. muefiti, O. paucilepis, and O. tigris). Furthermore, male O. chaboras have a suborbital groove (as in O. araxensis and O. bergianus vs. absent in O. arsaniasus, O. kaynaki, O. muefiti, O. paucilepis, and O. tigris).

Oxynoemacheilus chaboras is further distinguished from O. araxensis by having a forked caudal fin (vs. slightly emarginate), and it is further distinguished from O. bergianus by having a forked caudal fin (shortest middle caudal-fin ray is 57–70% of longest ray of the upper caudal-fin lobe, vs. deeply emarginated, 70–84), and a deeper caudal peduncle (depth 1.4–1.7 times in its length vs. 1.7–3.5).

Oxynoemacheilus chaboras is distinguished from O. argyrogramma and O. euphraticus by possessing a mid-lateral series of blotches (vs. marbled or mottled pattern in O. argyrogramma), without a mottling pattern above or below the blotches in front of dorsal-fin base (vs. irregularly mottled or marbled in O. euphraticus), and having no, or a very short, incision in the upper lip (vs. a deep median incision in O. euphraticus). It is further distinguished from O. euphraticus by having a deeper caudal peduncle (caudal-peduncle depth 1.4–1.7 times in its length vs. 2.0–2.8).

Description

See Figs 2–4 for general appearance and Table 2 for morphometric data. Small-sized and slender species. Body deepest at dorsal fin origin or slightly anterior of it. Body width greatest at pectoral-fin base. Section of head roundish, flattened on ventral surface, straight or slightly convex in interorbital space, convex on snout. Snout blunt. Caudal peduncle compressed laterally, 1.4–1.7 times longer than deep. Pelvic axillary lobe shallow and fully attached to flank. Pelvic-fin origin below second or third branched dorsal-fin ray. Anal-fin origin located in front of vertical of midline between dorsal and caudal-fin origins. Pectoral fin reaching to approximately 72–99% of distance from pectoral-fin origin to pelvic-fin origin. Pelvic fin reaching to genital papillae, rarely to anus; not reaching vertical of tip of last dorsal-fin ray. Anus about 40–70% of an eye diameter anterior to anal-fin origin. Anal fin not reaching caudal-fin base. No dorsal or ventral adipose crest on caudal peduncle. Largest known individual 60 mm SL.

Table 2.

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Morphometric data of Oxynoemacheilus chaboras (holotype FFR 15646 and paratypes FFR 1428, n = 11).

	Holotype	min	max	mean	SD
Standard length (mm)	53	46	60	51.9	4.0
In percent of standard length
Head length	24.2	23.0	25.0	24.1	0.6
Body depth at dorsal-fin origin	18.4	17.4	21.8	18.8	1.2
Predorsal length	50.9	47.4	51.1	49.7	1.2
Postdorsal length	35.8	33.8	37.4	35.5	1.2
Prepelvic length	51.2	49.6	55.5	52.1	1.2
Preanal length	72.7	72.7	78.7	75.7	1.8
Distance between pectoral and pelvic-fin origins	30.1	26.2	30.6	28.4	1.6
Distance between pelvic and anal-fin origins	21.4	21.4	25.2	22.8	1.0
Distance between vent and anal-fin origin	3.0	2.1	3.7	2.9	0.5
Dorsal-fin height	22.7	19.9	24.3	22.4	1.2
Anal-fin height	18.9	15.8	19.2	17.9	1.0
Pectoral-fin length	24.1	21.8	26.7	24.2	1.7
Pelvic-fin length	18.7	16.5	19.3	18.1	0.8
Length of caudal peduncle	19.8	16.9	19.8	18.2	0.9
Depth of caudal peduncle	11.9	10.2	12.2	11.6	0.5
In percent of head length
Head depth at eye	51	51	60	53.9	3.3
Maximum head width	59	59	66	63.2	2.6
Snout length	40	39	44	41.4	1.8
Eye diameter	19	19	23	20.6	1.4
Postorbital distance	45	40	50	45.2	2.7
Interorbital width	21	18	24	21.6	2.3
Length of inner rostral barbel	30	20	30	24.7	2.5
Length of outer rostral barbel	41	34	44	38.5	3.2
Length of maxillary barbel	40	33	44	39.6	3.3

Figure 2. 

Oxynoemacheilus chaboras, FFR 15646, holotype, 53 mm SL; Türkiye: stream Beyazsu.

Figure 3. 

Oxynoemacheilus chaboras, paratypes, stream Beyazsu. a. FFR 1428, 50 mm SL; b. FFR 15633, 51 mm SL; c. FFR 1428, 50 mm SL; d. FFR 1428, 49 mm SL.

Figure 4. 

Oxynoemacheilus chaboras, FFR 15633, paratype, 51 mm SL; Türkiye: stream Beyazsu.

Figure 5. 

Oxynoemacheilus species in the Euphrates drainages: a. O. bergianus, stream Sason, 61 mm SL; b. O. argyrogramma, stream Sünnep, 50 mm SL; c. O. euphraticus, Great Zap River, 55 mm SL; d. O. muefiti, Murat River, 69 mm SL; e. O. tigris, stream Sünnep, 55 mm SL; f. O. kaynaki, Göksu River, 68 mm SL; g. O. paucilepis, stream Balıklıtohma, 70 mm SL; h. O. arsaniasus, stream Kaleli, 90 mm SL; i. O. araxensis, stream Arkaçayırlar, 71 mm SL.

Dorsal fin with 9½–10½ branched rays, outer margin straight or slightly concave. Anal fin with 5½ branched rays, outer margin straight. Pectoral fin with 9–11 branched rays, outer margin straight or slightly convex, tip pointed in male. Pelvic fin with 6 branched rays, outer margin straight or slightly convex. Caudal fin forked with (8+8)9+8 branched rays, lobes pointed. Flank and back covered by cycloid scales. Chest and belly without scales. Lateral line complete, terminating between origin of hypural complex and caudal fin base. Anterior nostril opening at end of a low, ovoid, flap-like tube. Posterior tip of anterior nostril overlapping posterior nostril when folded backwards. One central pore and one lateral pore on each side of supratemporal head canal, 3(4) + 9–10 pores in infraorbital canal, 8–9 pores in supraorbital canal, and 9–10 pores in mandibular canal. A suborbital groove in male. Mouth small, arched. Lips thick without furrows, lower lip thicker than upper lip. A median interruption in lower lip. Upper lip without median incision, rarely with a very small and short median incision. Processus dentiformis narrow and rounded. Lower jaw rounded, without median notch. Barbels long; inner rostral barbel reaching base of maxillary barbel, outer reaching to vertical of posterior of anterior eye margin. Maxillary barbel reaching or almost reaching to vertical of posterior eye-margin.

Coloration

Body with yellowish or cream background and dark-brown pattern in live and preserved individuals. Preserved individuals with a dark-grey, narrow inner-axial stripe, absent in life. Dorsal head and upper part of cheek brown, with marbled pattern. Ventral surface of head yellowish without pattern. Flank with 6–10 dark-brown bars or blotches, as much as, or thicker than, interspaces. Bars and blotches irregularly shaped and set, generally vertically elongated, sometimes oval, or horizontally elongated, usually extending to mid-dorsal saddles and meeting contra laterals. Back with 1–3 predorsal saddles, one saddle at dorsal-fin origin and one at posterior dorsal-fin base, and 3 saddles behind dorsal fin, as much as or thicker than interspaces. One dark-brown or black blotch at lower caudal-fin base, a second, much smaller blotch at uppermost caudal-fin base, both distinct in both live and preserved individuals. Dorsal, caudal and pectoral fins with many, small brown blotches on rays. These blotches forming 2–3 narrow bands on dorsal, and 3–5 on caudal. Pectoral, anal and pelvic fins hyaline, sometimes with a few dark-brown blotches on rays.

Distribution

The species known from the stream Beyazsu in the Euphrates drainage (Figs 6, 7).

Figure 6. 

Distribution map of Oxynoemacheilus chaboras and O. euphraticus.

Figure 7. 

Type locality of Oxynoemacheilus chaboras.

Etymology

The species is named Chaboras, an ancient Greek name of the Khabur (Χαβώρας), as it was first documented by Ptolemy and Pliny the Elder ichthyofauna. A noun in genitive, indeclinable.

Oxynoemacheilus araxensis ZMH 4827, holotype, 61 mm SL; ZMH 4826, paratypes, 5, 36–50 mm SL; ZMH 5951, paratypes, 4, 44–64 mm SL; Türkiye: Erzurum prov.: Kandili Karasu, Euphrates drainage.—FFR 1354, 11, 66–90 mm SL Türkiye: Erzurum prov.: stream Sırlı at Ilıca 40.2130°N, 41.0699°E.—FFR 1451, 2, 68–75 mm SL; Türkiye: Erzurum prov.: stream Ağarcık at Ilıca, 40.2460°N, 41.0710°E.—FFR 1468, 12, 53–70 mm SL; Türkiye: Erzurum prov.: stream Baş about 1 km west of Çayköy, 39.9470°N, 40.8040°E.—FSJF 3440, 6, 42–71 mm SL; Türkiye: Erzurum prov.: stream Arkaçayırlar at Paşayurdu, 39.9833°N, 40.9920°E.

Oxynoemacheilus argyrogramma FFR 15516, 26, 37–49 mm SL; Türkiye: Kilis prov.: stream Sünnep at northeastern Küplüce, 36.7640°N, 37.2540°E.—FFR 1574, 14, 41–62 mm; FFR 1448, 11, 37–48 mm SL; Türkiye: Gaziantep prov.: stream Merziman about 3 km south of Yavuzeli, 37.2910°N, 37.5730°E.

Oxynoemacheilus arsaniasus FFR 15531, paratypes, 5, 36–54 mm SL; Türkiye: Muş prov.: stream Kaynarca at Tepe, 39.1070°N, 41.4920°E.—FFR 1449, 1, 49 mm SL; Türkiye: Muş prov.: stream Kaynarca about 3 km southeast Tepe, 39.0680N, 41.5290°E.—FSJF 4019, 12, 46–97 mm SL; Türkiye: Bitlis prov.: Reservoir of stream Karasu in Kaleli, 38.5537°N, 42.0257°E.

Oxynoemacheilus bergianus FFR 1577, 19, 54–62 mm SL; Türkiye: Samsun prov.: stream Soruk 20 km east of Vezirköprü, 41.1189°N, 35.2269°E.—FFR 15561, 9, 35–69 mm SL; Türkiye: Kayseri prov.: stream Sarnaz a drainage of stream Zamantı at Taşçı, 38.1953°N, 35.7805°E.—FSJF 2983, 15, 38–77 mm SL; Türkiye: Kayseri prov.: stream Zamantı at Pınarbaşı, 38.7366°N, 36.4131°E. —FFR 1457, 11, 64 –72 mm SL; Türkiye: Malatya prov.: stream Sultansuyu 8 km east of Akçadağ, 38.3388°N, 38.0620°E.—FFR 1467, 28, 54–64 mm SL; Türkiye: Erzurum prov.: stream Baş 10 km east of Aşkale, 39.9478°N, 40.8040°E.—FFR 15506, 25, 33–59 mm SL; Türkiye: Ağrı prov.: Murat River 17 km west of Taşlıçay, 39.6785°N, 43.1887°E.

Oxynoemacheilus chomanicus FSJF 3644, 5, 33–61 mm SL; Iraq: Choman River at Alut, 35.9563°N, 45.6155°E.

Oxynoemacheilus euphraticus FFR 1434, 1, 56 mm SL; Türkiye: Sivas prov.: Euphrates at İliç, 39.4850°N, 38.5850°E.—FFR 1471, 25, 27–63 mm SL; Türkiye: Sivas prov.: stream Kangal about 1 km west of Çetinkaya, 39.2560°N, 37.6250°E.—FFR15520, 14, 41–57 mm SL; Malatya prov.: stream Sultan Suyu about 7 km east of Akçadağ, 38.3390°N, 38.0620°E.—FFR 15508, 13, 53–70 mm SL; Türkiye: Adıyaman prov.: stream Göksu at Düzbağ, 37.7950°N, 37.4710°E.

Own data: 39.9124°N, 40.8540°E. 39.9094°N, 40.8028°E. 36.943333°N, 44.19533°E. 39.2516°N, 37.6189°E. 38.9500°N, 40.0166°E. 38.9166°N, 41.2666°E. 39.2515°N, 37.6189°E. 39.2515°N, 37.6189°E. 39.2515°N, 37.61894°E. 39.2515°N, 37.6189°E. 38.9167°N, 41.2667°E. 39.3013°N, 37.6743°E. 37.8370°N, 37.6848°E. 39.1439°N, 37.2571°E. 39.2516°N, 37.6189°E. 36.9433°N, 44.1953°E. 37.7950°N, 37.4705°E. 37.8444°N, 37.6702°E. 37.6500°N, 39.0500°E. 37.0666°N, 37.9500°E. 39.9833°N, 40.9920°E. 36.7484°N, 44.2997°E. 36.9433°N, 44.1953°E. 36.6164°N, 44.8781°E. 36.6106°N, 44.8381°E. Saygun et al. (2021): 37.8369°N, 37.6848°E. 39.0956°N, 41.5054°E. 39.4850°N, 38.5850°E. 39.2561°N, 37.6251°E. 39.2463°N, 37.5807°E. 37.9409°N, 38.6470°E. 37.8391°N, 37.6977E. 37.7052°N, 37.4790°E. 37.5021°N, 37.4108°E. Çiçek et al. (2022): 39.7800°N, 40.4486°E. Rakıcı et al. (2020): 39.0741°N, 41.5195°E. 38.6928°N, 41.7142°E. 39.2672°N, 37.4748°E. 38.3471°N, 38.0737°E. 37.8392°N, 37.6766°E. 37.9635°N, 38.6624°E. Krupp (1985): 37.1006°N, 37.8758°E. 37.6742°N, 39.0158°E. Jouladeh Roudbar et al. (2016): 33.1382°N, 49.6788°E. 33.1182°N, 49.6676°E. 33.7846°N, 48.2068°E. 33.7820°N, 48.2080°E. 33.5507°N, 49.0207°E. 33.0108°N, 49.6478°E. 33.0674°N, 49.6500°E. 33.0559°N, 49.6701°E. 32.9988°N, 49.5823°E. 33.7543°N, 46.6847°E. 34.3478°N, 47.9885°E. Zare-Shahraki et al. (2022): 33.5647°N, 48.9855°E. 33.3783°N, 49.3888°E. 33.0819°N, 49.6319°E. 33.0570°N, 49.6668°E. 32.8860°N, 49.6560°E. 32.9997°N, 49.5888°E. 33.0322°N, 49.6564°E. Musa and Abdulrahman (2023): 36.6705°N, 44.71154°E. 36.6553°N, 44.9055°E. 36.6325°N, 44.8884°E.

Oxynoemacheilus hanae ZFMK 103020, holotype, 57 mm SL; FSJF 3359, paratypes, 22, 46–61 mm SL; Iraq: stream Zalm south of Taparezina, 35.3064°N, 45.9705°E.—FSJF 3641, 63, 34–61 mm SL; Iraq: stream Zalm south of Taparezina, 35.3064°N, 45.9705°E.

Oxynoemacheilus karunensis FSJF 3525, 8, 33–55 mm SL; Iran: Hamadan prov.: Gamasiab River at Do Ab, 47.9167°N, 34.3724°E.—FSJF 3523, 6, 34–51 mm SL; Iran: Hamadan prov.: Haram Abad River at Ashmizan, 34.1105°N, 48.8704°E.—FSJF 3524, 7, 37–53 mm SL; Hamadan prov.: Dehno stream about 2 km south-west of Nahavand, 48.3532°N, 34.1691°E.—FSJF 3526, 2, 30–40 mm SL; Iran: Hamadan prov.: Gamasiab River at Chesme Mahi, 34.3382°N, 48.0324°E.—SMF IR7, 3, 36–44 mm SL; Iran: Khozestan prov.: Marun River near Behbehan, 30.6567°N, 50.1883°E.

Oxynoemacheilus kentritensis FFR 1566, holotype, 67 mm SL; Türkiye: FFR 01403, paratypes, 3, 57–68 mm SL; Bitlis prov.: stream Kesan about 1 km south of Güntepe, 38.3566°N, 42.6275°E.—FSJF 3645, paratypes, 3, 65–79 mm SL; Türkiye: Bitlis prov.: stream Horozdere east of Hizan, 38.2447°N, 42.4791°E.—FSJF 3646, paratypes, 2, 68–70 mm SL; Türkiye: Bitlis prov.: stream Oraniz about 1 km east of Dönertaş, 38.3141°N, 42.5655°E.

Oxynoemacheilus kurdistanicus FSJF 3369, 28, 40–61 mm SL; Iraq: Nalparez River, 35.5707°N, 45.8630°E.—FSJF 3347, 25, 50–62 mm SL; Iraq: stream north-west of Saburawa, a tributary of Tabin River, 35.8336°N, 45.1044°E.—FSJF 3353, 9, 40–61 mm SL; Iraq: stream KunaMassi in Sevanja, 35.7892°N, 45.4030°E.—FSJF 3373, 54, 35–62 mm SL; Iraq: stream Suraw near Suraw village, 35.7626°N, 45.9848°E.—FSJF 3643, 15, 36–62 mm SL; Iraq: Choman River at Alut, 35.9564°N, 45.6155°E.

Oxynoemacheilus muefiti FFR 15507, paratypes, 2, 29–45 mm SL; Ağrı prov.: Türkiye: Murat River at Ballıbostan; 39.6780°N, 43.1890°E.—FFR 1432, 7, 42–63 mm SL, Ağrı prov.: Türkiye: Murat River at Taşlıçay; 39.6460°N, 43.3670°E.—FSJF 3444, 4, 33–46 mm SL; Türkiye: Ağrı prov.: Murat River at Ballıbostan, 12 km east of Ağrı, 39.6789°N, 43.1896°E.—FSJF 2556, 3, 45–47 mm SL; Türkiye: Adıyaman prov.: stream Eğri south of Adıyaman, tributary to Atatürk Reservoir, 37.7417°N, 38.3351°E.—IUSHM 2019-1410, 3, 37–68 mm SL; Türkiye: Ağrı prov.: stream near Sarıköy, 16 km west of Eleşkirt, 39.8016°N, 42.4816°E.—IUSHM 2019-1411, 3, 43–52 mm SL; Türkiye: Ağrı prov.: Murat River at Balıbostan, 12 km east of Ağrı, 39.6789°N, 43.1896°E.

Oxynoemacheilus paucilepis FFR15510, 10, 34–73 mm SL; Türkiye: Sivas prov.: stream Balıklıtohma about 3 km south of Kocakurt, 39.1440°N, 37.2570°E.—FFR15521, 15, 41–76 mm SL; Türkiye: Sivas prov.: stream Balıklıtohma at Kuruayşe, 39.2070°N, 37.2010°E.—FSJF 2852, 50, 24–39 mm SL; Türkiye: Sivas prov.: stream Tersakan about 15 km southwest of Kangal, 39.1439°N, 37.2571°E.

Oxynoemacheilus persa NMW 48567, holotype, 50 mm SL; Iran: spring at Persepolis.—FSJF 3214 (earlier IZA 7826), 25 paratypes of O. farsicus, 34–56 mm SL; Iran: Fars prov.: Shur River at Dasht-e-Arzhan, a tributary of Mond River.— FSJF 2245, 44, 31–65 mm SL; Iran: Fars prov.: Kor River about 73 km north of Shiraz, 30.1936°N, 52.4657°E.

Oxynoemacheilus sarus FFR 15585, holotype, 52.5 mm SL; FFR 15522, paratypes, 4, 39–54 mm SL;Türkiye: Adana prov.: lower stream Çakıt, south of Salbaş, 37.1031°N, 35.1094°E.—FSJF 2327, paratypes, 10, 32–49 mm SL; Türkiye: Adana prov.: lower stream Çakıt, south of Salbaş, 37.0961°N, 35.1170°E.—FSJF 2377, paratypes, 2, 48–49 mm SL; Türkiye: Adana prov.: stream Körkün at Karakuyu, 37.1529°N, 35.1606°E.—FFR 15586, 3, 47–51 mm SL; Türkiye: Kahramanmaraş Prov.; stream Aksu at 8 km northeast of Pazarcık, 37.5390°N, 37.3480°E.—FSJF 2567, 1, 48 mm SL; Türkiye: Adıyaman prov.: stream Çelik at road south of Gölbaşı, 37.6239°N, 37.5034°E.

Oxynoemacheilus shehabi ZFMK ICH 124181, holotype, 46.3 mm SL; ZFMK ICH-125126-28, paratypes, 3, 41.5–47.6 mm SL; Syria: Orontes at Al Qusayr, 34.5086°N, 36.5389°E.

Oxynoemacheilus zarzianus FSJF 3352, 28, 39–69 mm SL; Iraq: stream Kunamasi in Sevanja, 35.7892°N, 45.4030°E.—FSJF 3348, 16, 46–68 mm SL; Iraq: stream in Merga village, 36.0515°N, 45.0945°E.—FSJF 3651, 18, 54–75 mm SL: Iraq: stream Kunamasi in Kunamasi, 35.7967°N, 45.4136°E.—FSJF 3372, 30, 43–71 mm SL; Iraq: stream Suraw near Suraw village, 35.7626°N, 45.9848°E.