Research Article |
Corresponding author: Andrey Ozerov ( ozerov2455@rambler.ru ) Academic editor: Michael Ohl
© 2014 Andrey Ozerov.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Ozerov A (2014) The Primary Types of Scathophagidae (Diptera) in the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, and Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Germany. Zoosystematics and Evolution 90(1): 33-43. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.90.7121
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The primary types (holotypes, lectotypes, and syntypes) of the Diptera family Scathophagidae housed in the Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Müncheberg, both in Germany, are revised. 50 species of Scathophagidae are enumerated. The species are listed alphabetically, and the account concludes with a systematic nomenclatural summary. Detailed information is given on the specimens, their labelling and their condition. 28 lectotypes are designated [Acanthocnema latipennis Becker, 1894 (Poland); Amaurosoma articulata Becker, 1894 (Poland); Amaurosoma inermis Becker, 1894 (Latvia or Estonia); Amaurosoma minuta Becker, 1894 (Latvia or Estonia); Amaurosoma nigrifrontata Becker, 1894 (Italy); Amaurosoma nutans Becker, 1894 (Poland); Cochliarium castanipes Becker, 1894 (Switzerland); Cochliarium lasiostoma Becker, 1894 (Switzerland); Cordylura aberrans Becker, 1894 (Sweden); Cordylura bezzii Sack, 1937 (Italy); Cordylura biseta Loew, 1864 (Denmark or Germany); Cordylura dasyprocta Loew, 1864 (Sweden); Cordylura femoralis Loew, 1864 (Austria); Cordylura glaucescens Loew, 1864 (Germany); Cordylura melaleuca Loew, 1873 (Greece); Cordylura melanacra Loew, 1873 (Poland); Cordylura nigriventris Loew, 1864 (Poland); Cordylura opaca Loew, 1864 (Austria); Cordylura picticornis Loew, 1864 (Russia); Cordylura umbrosa Loew, 1873 (Slovakia); Cordylura unicolor Loew, 1864 (Spain); Parallelomma longicornis Hendel, 1913 (Taiwan); Parallelomma media Becker, 1894 (Poland); Pselaphephila loewi Becker, 1894 (Poland); Scatophaga dasythrix Becker, 1894 (Russia); Scatophaga islandica Becker, 1894 (Iceland); Scatophaga mollis Becker, 1894 (Russia); Scatophaga ordinata Becker, 1894 (Switzerland)]. Three new synonyms are established: Amaurosoma nigrifrontata Becker, 1894 is a new junior synonym of Nanna tibiella (Zetterstedt, 1838); Cordylura rubifrontata Becker, 1894 is a new junior synonym of Cordilura aberrans (Becker, 1894); Cordylura unicolor Loew, 1864 is a new junior synonym of Cordilura albipes (Fallén, 1819).
Diptera , Scathophagidae , Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, collection, type specimens
The Museum für Naturkunde an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (ZMHB) and Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut (SDEI) contain the most important Diptera collections in Europe. These include the collections of Friedrich Hermann Loew (1807–1878) and Theodor Becker (1840–1928), two of the leading European dipterists of their day, who described numbers of Scathophagidae and whose collections are of significant value. Also, there are type specimens of scathophagid species described by P. Sack (1865–1946), L. Oldenberg (1863–1931), F. G. Hendel (1874–1936), E. M. Hering (1893–1967), and types of several species described by myself in 1997, 1999, and 2013 in both the ZMHB and SDEI.
Each specimen in Loew’s and Becker’s collections, which were handed over to ZMHB, has its own number, but each number may refer to a single specimen or to a series of conspecific specimens. There are notebooks that give the key to these code numbers: the “Catalog General Musei Zoologici Berolinensis” (Diptera I, II) for Loew’s collection and four notebooks for Becker’s collection (Becker Catalog Diptera: Tome I (1882–1887; Nos 1–14179), Tome II (1887–1893; Nos 14180–33839), Tome III (1894–1906; Nos 13840–53642), and Tome IV (1906–1914; Nos 53641–62427)). These notebooks contain information about the number of specimens, localities, dates of capture and year.
Loew’s collection also contains many syntypes of scathophagid species described by Zetterstedt in 1838 and 1846. This material requires special examination together with Zetterstedt’s own collection in the Museum of Zoology of Lund University (Sweden) and is not discussed in this paper except for those specimens which were described by Loew or Becker as new species (for example Cordylura aberrans Becker, 1894 or Cordylura dasyprocta Loew, 1864, see below).
The Scathophagidae types in the ZMHB and SDEI were examined by the late J.R. Vockeroth in 1954–1964 who designated numerous lectotypes, but these designations were not published.
All the species discussed here are listed alphabetically. Detailed information is given on the specimens, their labelling and their condition. Finally, the current taxonomic identity is provided.
The following abbreviations are used for the depositories of specimens used or discussed in this paper: MNHP – Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; NMW – Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Vienna, Austria; SDEI — Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Müncheberg, Germany; ZISP – Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia; ZMHB — Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany; ZMUH — Zoological Museum, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland. ZMUM — Zoological Museum, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
Described from an unspecified number of both sexes: “Zett., Dipt. Sc. V. 2001, 6, Cord. rufimana”.
ZMHB material: 1 male syntype was found in Loew’s collection among C. rufimana. It is labelled “Lappon. Bohem.”, “2633”, “Cordylura rufimana”, “Cordilura rufimana Meig det. F. Šifner ♂”. There is every reason to believe that this specimen is a syntype of Cordylura aberrans. Therefore this male (thorax damaged in posterior part, scutellum missing; right wing missing, left hind leg glued to the pin, abdomen dissected and stored in a microvial with glycerol on the same pin) has been labelled and is designated herewith as lectotype. Type-locality: “Lapponia” (Sweden). Genitalia was examined and found to be conspecific with that shown in Hackman’s figures for C. aberrans (
Current name: A good species of Cordilura Fallén, 1810, correctly recognised by recent authors.
Described from 6 specimens of both sexes from Kenya. 4 of them are in MNHP and a lectotype was designated from these type-specimens (
ZMHB material: male and female syntypes, both in very good condition, are conspecific with lectotype and have been labelled as paralectotypes. Both specimens have the same labels: “Afrique or. anglaise, Mt Kenya, verst Ouest, zone des forêts, Alluaud & Jeannel”, “Forêts Moyennes, Bambous supér, 2800–3200 m, Janv. 1912, St 41”, “Scatophaga alata Beck. det. Becker”.
Current name:Scathophaga alata (Becker, 1914).
Described from “8 Exemplare aus Ost-Zaidam in O.Tibet: Kurlyk am Fl.Baingol (24 und 28.V.95), Fl. Bomyn oder Itschegyn (Ende VI.95), zwischen dem See Itsche und dem Fl. Orogyn (1–8.VII.95), am Fl. Orogyn südlich von W.-Nan-schan (3–20.VII.95); Gobi in Chines. Turkestan: Kara-Tübe, westlich von Hami (15.IX.95) [Roborowski]”. 7 of them are in ZISP and a lectotype was designated from these syntypes (
ZMHB material: a male syntype (half of left wing, mid and hind left legs missing, abdomen dissected and glued on card on the same pin), labelled “оз. Иче — р Орогын с Цайдам, ц Гоби РобКозлов 1–3 VII 95”, “Gobi. Asien 51896. VII”, “albidihirta Beck.”, “ZMU Berl.”, “Scatophaga albidohirta Beck. SYNTYPE labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”, is conspecific with the lectotype and has been labelled as paralectotype.
Current name:Scatophaga albidohirta (Becker, 1907).
Described from a single female from Russian Far East.
SDEI material: holotype female, labelled “RUSSIA: Primorskiy Кray Sichоtе-Аlin, Biol. Stat. 30 km SE Chuguyevka, 44.05 N, 134.12 Е), 650 m, Malaisefalle 31.V.–03.VI.1993 leg. C. Lange & J. Ziegler”, “Holotypus ♀ Langechristia amica sp.nov. det. A.L. Ozerov, 1997”. Type-locality: 30 km SE Chuguyevka (44.05N, 134.2Е), 650 m (Primorskiy Кray, Russia).
Current name:Langechristia amica Ozerov, 1999.
Described from an unspecified number specimens of both sexes taken on Novaya Zemlya. 2 syntypes are housed in ZISP and a lectotype was designated from these type-specimens (
ZMHB material: a male syntype (left mid leg missing), labelled “Novaja Semlja, mons Tschernyschew, G. Jacobson, 5.VIII.96”, “41956”, “arctica Becker”, “Scatophaga arctica Beck. SYNTYPE labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”, “Scatophaga apicalis Curt. Det. 1962 J.R. Vockeroth”, has been labelled as paralectotype. It is Scathophaga miltisetosa.
Current name: A junior synonym of Scathophaga multisetosa (Holmgren, 1883) as currently understood.
Described from an unspecified number of male specimens from “Ost-Grönland”.
ZMHB material: male syntype in good condition, labelled “♂ Hekla Havn [in English = Hekla Harbor 70.47N 26.18W] 29–7.[18]92. Deichmann”, “36008”, “Pselaph. arctica Beck. det. Becker”, “Gonarcticus arcticus Beck. det. J.R. Vockeroth 1954”, “Pselaphephila arctica PARALECTOTYPE labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”. I have labelled it as syntype.
Current name:Gonarcticus arcticus (Becker, 1907).
Described from an unspecified number of male specimens from “Schlesien”.
ZMHB material: 2 male syntypes. One male syntype in very good condition, labelled “Rothkirch 6/V 29986”, “Amaurosoma LECTOTYPE articulata Beck. Designated by J.R. Vockeroth 19”, “Amaurosoma articullatum (Ztt.) ♂ Det. F. Šifner”, has been labelled and is designated herewith as lectotype of Amaurosoma articulata. Type-locality: “Rothkirch” (Czerwony Kościół [near Legnica: ca. 51.186N 16.061E], Poland). The second male (good condition), labelled “Rothkirch 6/V 29986”, “PARALECTOTYPE Amaurosoma articulata Beck. labelled by J.R. V.”, “Nanna articulata Beck. Det. J.R. Vockeroth 1962”, has been labelled as paralectotype.
Current name:Nanna articulata (Becker, 1894), correctly recognised by recent authors.
Described an unspecified number of both sexes from “Livrio (Adamellagruppe)”.
ZMHB material: 2 males, 1 female syntypes. One male is in very good condition, labelled “Livrio 16.VI.00”, “Italien VI. 46052”, “Cordylura Bezzii. Beck det. Becker”, “Homotype Cordylura bezzii Sack Compared by J.R. Vockeroth 1956”, “Bucephalina bezzii Sack det. 1957 J.R. Vockeroth”, “Syntypus”. The other male has labels “Livrio 16.VI.00”, “Italien VI. 46052”, “Typus”, “Homotype Cordylura bezzii Sack Compared by J.R. Vockeroth 1956”, “Bucephalina (Neogimnomera) bezzii Sack det. 1957 J.R. Vockeroth”. The female has labels “Livrio 11.VII.00”, “48264”, “Cordylura Bezzi Beck. det. Becker”, “Cordylura Bezzii in lit Bek.”, “Bucephalina bezzii Sack det. 1957 J.R. Vockeroth”, “Syntypus”. All three syntypes have been labelled as paralectotypes.
SDEI material: 2 males and 2 females syntypes, all in very good condition. One of males is labelled “Livrio 16.VI.00”, “Cordylura Bezzii in litt. Beck”, “Cordylura Bezzii sp.n. det. Sack”, “coll. Oldenberg”, “Typus ♂”, “Cordylura bezzii Sack LECTOTYPE Designated by J.R. Vockeroth 19”, “Lectotypus”. I have designated it herewith and labelled it as lectotype of Cordylura bezzii. Type-locality: Livrio (Italy). Male and female syntypes both labelled “Livrio 16.VI.00”, “coll. Oldenberg”, ”Cordylura Bezzii sp.n. det. Sack”, “Cordylura bezzii Sack PARALECTOTYPE labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”, “Paralectotypus”, and one female syntype with labels “Livrio 16.VI.00”, “coll. Oldenberg”, “Cordylura Bezzii Beck det. Bezzi”, “Cordylura Bezzii sp.n. det. Sack”, “Typus ♀”, “Cordylura bezzii Sack PARALECTOTYPE labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”, “Paralectotypus”, have all been labelled as paralectotypes.
Current name: a good species.
Described from male and female syntypes from “Dänemark, ganz Deutschland”.
ZMHB material: one well preserved male, labelled “P. Seitz 27.4.51” or “P. Sulz, 27.4.51” (a family name, difficult to read), “Coll. H. Loew”, “11399”, Cordylura biseta m.”, “Type”, “Cordilura picipes Meigen det. Šifner ♂”. It has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype. It is Cordilura picipes (Meigen, 1826).
Current name: A junior synonym of Cordilura picipes (Meigen, 1826), correctly recognised by recent authors.
Described from male sex, number not stated, taken from “Sarepta”. Studied by
ZMHB material: lectotype male (abdomen dissected and glued on card on the same pin, right fore and hind tibiae missing), labelled “Sarepta Christ”, “11434”, “Cordylura breviventris Lw.”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “Type”, “Cordylura breviventris Loew LECTOTYPE designated by J.R. Vockeroth 19”. Type-locality: “Gegend von Sarepta” [=Krasnoarmeisk in Volgogradskaya Oblast‘, ca. 48.512N, 44.554E] (Russia).
Current name: synonymized with Spathephilus nigriventris (Loew, 1864) by
Described an unspecified number of both sexes from “St. Moritz”.
ZMHB material: 2 male and 1 female syntypes, all in excellent condition. The male labelled “St. Moritz 5/7 10777” [= 5 July 1886], Cochliarium castanipes Becker LECTOTYPE Designated by J.R. Vockeroth 19”, “Zool. Mus. Berlin”, has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype. Type-locality: “St. Moritz” (Switzerland).
The male with labels “St. Moritz 1/7 10294”, Cochliarium castanipes Becker PARALECTOTYPE labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth” and the female “St. Moritz 30/6 10132”, Cochliarium castanipes Becker PARALECTOTYPE labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth” have been labelled as paralectotypes.
Current name:Gimnomera castanipes (Becker, 1894).
Described from an unspecified number of both sexes from “Sweden” taken from the syntypes of Cordylura caudata Zettersted, 1838.
ZMHB material: 3 males and 1 female syntypes. A male (right mid leg missing, right wing slightly torn) labelled “Cord. caudata Zett. Lappon. Bohem.*”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “11438”, “Cordylura dasyprocta m.”, “type”, “Cordylura dasyprocta Lw. Lectotype Designated by J.R. Vockeroth 19”, has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype of Cordylura dasyprocta. Type-locality: “Sweden”.
One male (good condition) labelled “Palmén”, “Lapponia”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “Type”, “Cordylura dasyprocta Lw. PARALECTOTYPE labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”, conspecific with lectotype, one male syntype (badly damaged: head, abdomen, wings, right mid leg and both hind legs missing) labelled “C. caudata Zett. Lapp. Boh.*”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “type”, “Cordylura dasyprocta Lw. PARALECTOTYPE labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”, which seems to be conspecific with the lectotype, and female syntype (good condition) labelled “Bhn”, “Dv”, “caudata Ztt. Boh. *”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “type”, “Cordylura dasyprocta Lw. PARALECTOTYPE labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”, conspecific with lectotype; all three have been labelled as paralectotypes.
Current name:Okeniella dasyprocta (Loew, 1864), correctly recognised by recent authors.
Described from an unspecified number of both sexes from “aus der Behringstrasse”.
ZMHB material: one well preserved male, labelled “xxx Miednaja blizko w Behrynga. July P. Dybowski 1882” (xxx = illegible), “30030”, “Scatophaga dasythrix Becker LECTOTYPE Designated by J.R. Vockeroth 19”, has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype of Scatophaga dasythrix. Type-locality: Island Medny (Comandor Is., Russia).
Current name:Scathophaga dasythrix (Becker, 1894), correctly recognised by recent authors.
In the original paper described from an unspecified number of both sexes: “Zett., Cord. hydromyzina var. b, Dipt. Scand. V. 2037, 35” and only specimens mentioned by Zetterstedt for his var. B can be considered as syntypes. Four specimens are mentioned in “Becker Catalog Diptera” (No 30109) as Spathiophora fascipes from “Dorpat”; one of them was sent to F. Hendel.
ZMHB material: 2 females, both in very good condition. One of them labelled “15/7 86”, “Dorpat” 30109”, “hydromyzina Fall. Det. 1954 J.R. Vockeroth”. The other female is identical labelled but with the date “1/7 86”. Both are Spaziphora hydromyzina (Fallén, 1819).
There is a male labelled by J.R. Vockeroth as lectotype of Spathiophora fascipes. This specimen was taken from “Rügen”, was mentioned in “Becker Catalog Diptera” under No 30112 as Spaziphora hydromyzina Fallén.
All these 3 specimens are not from Zettersted’s collection and therefore they cannot be syntypes of S. fascipes.
Current name:Spaziphora hydromyzina (Fallén, 1819) as currently understood.
Described from an unspecified number of females from “Kärnthen”. A single specimen is mentioned in the “Catalog General Musei Zoologici Berolinensis” as Cordylura femoralis (No.11387). It has been studied, labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype.
ZMHB material: lectotype female (both hind legs missing, abdomen glued back on to the body, right wing damaged) labelled “Schneeb Jul. 55”, “11387”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “Cordylura femoralis Lw.”, “Holotypus Nr.”, “Norellisoma femorale (Loew) ♀ Det. F. Šifner 1970”. Type-locality: “Kärnthen” (Austria, Carinthia, Schneeberg).
Current name:Norellisoma femorale (Loew, 1864).
Described from 2 males and 1 female from Кhabarovskiy Кray (Russia).
SDEI material: holotype male (
Current name:Cordilura fulvifrons Ozerov, 1997.
Described from an unspecified number of the female sex from “Kreuth; Gerstaecker.”. A single specimen is mentioned in the “Catalog General Musei Zoologici Berolinensis” as Cordylura glaucescens (No.11412). It has been studied, labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype.
ZMHB material: lectotype female (condition very good, but right postpedicel and left hind leg missing), labelled “Kreuth Gerst. 7/8”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “11412”, “Cordylura glaucescens Lw.” “Holotypus”. Type-locality: “Kreuth” (Germany, Bavaria, Kreuth village).
Note: The fore tibia of this species has only one (preapical) anteroventral seta. See also below under latipennis Becker.
Current name:Acanthocnema glaucescens (Loew, 1864).
Described from 4 male syntypes from “Kantaika und der Insel Nikander” [river Khantayka: ca. 68.1019N 86.6293E; Nikandrovsk’s Is: ca. 70.6722N 83.2370E (Russia, West Siberia)]. Most of the males are in ZMUH (
ZMHB material: 1 male syntype (half of right wing broken off and glued on the determination label, right mid leg missing), labelled “246”, “Ins. Nikandr.”, “J. Sahlb.”, “Scatophaga incola Beck. det. Becker”, “Scatophaga incola Becker PARALECTOTYPE labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”. It has been labelled by me as a syntype of Scatophaga incola.
Current name:Scathophaga incola (Becker, 1900).
Described from an unspecified number of both sexes from “aus Livland und Schlesien”.
ZMHB material: 4 syntypes: 2 males and 2 females, all in very good condition and conspecific.
A male labelled “Livland 29991”, “2/5 87”, “84”, “Amaurosoma LECTOTYPE inermis Beck. Designated by Vockeroth 19” has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype of Amaurosoma inermis. Type-locality: “Livland” (Latvia or Estonia). A female labelled “Livland 29991”, “V/8 88”, “PARALECTOTYPE Amaurosoma inermis Beck. labelled J.R.V.”, “Nanna inermis Beck. Det. J.R. Vockeroth 1962”, a female with the same labels, but without “84” and with “V/12 89”, and a male (abdomen dissected and stored in glycerol in a microvial on the same pin) labelled “Livland 29991”, “8/5 88”, “PARALECTOTYPE Amaurosoma inermis Beck. labelled J.R.V.”, “Nanna inermis Beck. Det. J.R. Vockeroth 1962”, “Paralectotypus”, “Zool. Mus. Berlin”, have been labelled as paralectotypes; all three are conspecific with the lectotype.
Current name:Nanna inermis (Becker, 1894), correctly recognised by recent authors.
Described from “Ein Pärchen aus Island und Labrador”.
ZMHB material: male and female syntypes. Male (left mid leg missing, end of abdomen dissected and stored in a microvial of glycerol on the same pin) labelled “Island xxx” (xxx = illegible, possibly collector’s name), “Scatophag[a] borealis nov. sp.”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “11452”, “Islandica Becker”, “Scatophaga intermedia Walker ♂ Det. F. Šifner”, has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype. Type-locality: “Island”[= Iceland]. It is Scathophaga litorea (Fallén, 1819). Female (left hind leg, tibia and tarsus of right hind leg missing, end of abdomen dissected and glued on card), labelled “Labrador.”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “Scatophaga islandica Becker”, “Scatophagavillipes Zetterstedt ♀ Det. F. Šifner” and provided with a green label, has been labelled as paralectotype; it is conspecific with the lectotype.
Current name: A junior synonym of Scathophaga litorea (Fallén, 1819), as currently understood.
Described from “Ein Pärchen aus St. Moritz”.
ZMHB material: both syntypes. Male (condition excellent), labelled “St. Moritz 28/6 9779” [= 28 June 1886], “Cochliarium lasiostoma Becker LECTOTYPE Designated by Vockeroth 19”, has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype. Type-locality: “St. Moritz” (Switzerland). Female (right mid leg missing), labelled “St. Moritz 28/6 9753”, “Cochliarium lasiostoma Becker PARALECTOTYPE labelled 1954 by J.R.Vockeroth”, is conspecific with the lectotype and has been labelled as paralectotype.
Current name:Gimnomera lasiostoma (Becker, 1894).
Described from an unspecified number of the female sex taken “Schlesien. Wölfelsfall bei Glatz”.
ZMHB material: a female in exellent condition, labelled “Wölfelsfall 7/7 23793” [= 7 July 1889], “Acanthocnema latipennis Becker LECTOTYPE Designated by Vockeroth 19” has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype. Type-locality: “Wölfelsfall bei Glatz” (Wodospad Wilczki west of Międzygórze southeast of Bystrzyca Kłodzka, Poland).
Current name: It is a good species of Acanthocnema, not a synonym of Acanthocnema glaucescens Loew as considered by
Described from 2 males “vom Kaukasus aus Lesgia”.
ZMHB material: Lectotype male (designated by
Current name:Norellisoma lesgiae (Becker, 1894).
Described from an unspecified number of both sexes without any statement giving a specific locality, but most probably from “Schlesien” or “Posen”, now part of Poland: “… diesen Exemplaren aber keinerlei Notiz beigegeben ist, so nehme ich an, dass diese Thiere entweder aus Schlesien oder aus Posen stammen.”.
ZMHB material: 3 syntypes. A male, double pinned (condition good), labelled “Coll. H. Loew”, “Zool. Mus. Berlin”, “Type”, “Pselaphephila loewi Becker LECTOTYPE Designated by J.R. Vockeroth 19”, has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype. Type-locality: Poland.
A female, double pinned (right eye broken), labelled “Coll. H. Loew”, “11436”, “Cordylura immunda Lw. Beschr. II”, “an ♀ praecedentis”, “Zool. Mus. Berlin”, “Type”, “Pselaphephila loewi Becker PARALECTOTYPE labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”, and a male, (damaged: abdomen, right wing and left mid leg glued on card, right fore and right hind legs missing), labelled “Coll. H. Loew”, “Zool. Mus. Berlin”, “Type”, “Pselaphephila loewi Becker PARALECTOTYPE labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”, have been labelled as paralectotypes. Both are conspecific with the lectotype.
Current name:Nanna loewi (Becker, 1894).
Described from 11 male syntypes taken “aus Hoozan. 7. Februar”.
SDEI material: 5 male syntypes.
A male syntype (right wing absent), labelled “Hoozan Formosa Sauter, 1911”, “7.II”, “coll. Oldenberg”, “Paralectotype Parallelomma longicornis Hendel”, “Parallelomma longicornis Hendel”, “Megaphthalma longicornis Hend. Det. 1956 J.R. Vockeroth”, has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype. Type-locality: “Hoozan” (Taiwan). The other four syntypes have been labelled as paralectotypes: male (all left legs missing), labelled “Hoozan Formosa Sauter, 1911”, “7.II”, “Hendel det.”, “Typus”, “Paralectotype Parallelomma longicornis Hendel”, “Parallelomma longicornis Hendel”, “Megaphthalma longicornis Hendel Det. 1965 J.R. Vockeroth”; male (right mid leg and both hind legs missing), labelled “Hoozan Formosa Sauter, 1911”, “7.II”, “Hendel det.”, “Typus”, “Lectotypus”, “Parallelomma longicornis Hendel”, “Parallelomma longicornis H. det. Hendel”, “Parallelomma longicornis Hendel lectotype Designated Vockeroth 19”; male (right postpedicel and right mid leg missing), labelled “Hoozan Formosa Sauter, 1911”, “7.II”, “coll. Oldenberg”, “Paralectotype Parallelomma longicornis Hendel”, “Parallelomma longicornis Hendel”, “Megaphthalma longicornis Hend. Det. 1956 J.R. Vockeroth”; male (right mid leg missing, both postpedicels damaged), labelled “Hoozan Formosa Sauter, 1911”, “7.II”, “Hendel det.”, “Typus”, “Paralectotypus”, “Parallelomma longicornis Hendel”.
There are several additional specimens in SDEI identified as Parallelomma longicornis, but these are females or males taken on other dates and so none can be a syntype.
ZMHB material: 4 females from “Kosempo”, cannot be syntypes.
Current name:
Described from an unspecified number of the male sex from “Aus Schlesien, Umgegend von Liegnitz”.
ZMHB material: a male in excellent condition, labelled “Rothkirch 11/6 31511”, “media Beck.”, “Typus”, Zool. Mus. Berlin”, “Chylizosoma media Beck. Det. 1954 J.R. Vockeroth”, “Chylizosoma medium Beck. ♂ Det. F. Šifner”, “Holotypus ♂ Parallelomma media Becker, 1894: 96 det. A.L. Ozerov, 2010” has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype. Type-locality: “Rothkirch” (Czerwony Kościół (51.186215N, 16.06128E), Poland).
Current name:Parallelomma medium Becker, 1894.
Described from an unspecified number of females from “Griechenland”. A single specimen is mentioned in the “Catalog General Musei Zoologici Berolinensis” as Cordylura melaleuca (No 11381). It has been studied, labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype.
ZMHB material: The lectotype is male, not female, damaged (head and legs missing, thorax largely consumed by a beetle pest), labelled “Corfu Erber”, “11381”, “Coll. H.Loew”, “Cordylura melaleuca Lw.”, “Type”, “Cordylura melaleuca Loew lectotype Designated Vockeroth 19”. Type-locality: Corfu I. (Greece). It is conspecific with Norellia tipularia (Fabricius, 1794).
Current name: A junior synonym of Norellia tipularia (Fabricius, 1794), as currently understood.
Described from an unspecified number of both sexes from “Schlesien”.
ZMHB material: A female syntype in very good condition, labelled “Rosenthal 14.4.51”, “Coll. H.Loew”, “Type”, “Cordylura melanacra Loew lectotype Designated by Vockeroth 19”, “Scoliaphleps ustulata (Ztt.). ♂ [sic] Det. F. Šifner” has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype. Type-locality: “Rosenthal” [now Rózanka, part of Międzylesie, near Kłodzko (Poland)]. It is conspecific with Cordilura ustulata (Zetterstedt, 1838).
Current name: A junior synonym of Cordilura ustulata (Zetterstedt, 1838), as currently understood.
Described from an unspecified number of both sexes from “Schlesien”.
ZMHB material: 1 type specimen. It was sent on loan to F. Šifner in 2007; not examined by me.
Current name: According by
Described from an unspecified number of the male sex “Aus Livland”.
ZMHB material: a male (abdomen, tarsomeres 2–5 of right fore leg and of both hind legs missing), labelled “7/5”, “Livland 29984”, “110”, ”Amaurosoma lectotype minuta Becker Designated by Vockeroth 19”, “Nanna flavipes Fall. Det. J.R. Vockeroth 1962” has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype. Type-locality: “Livland” (Latvia or Estonia).
Current name: Recently synonymized with Nanna flavipes (Fallén, 1819) by
Described from an unspecified number of both sexes from “Sibirien”.
ZMHB material: 8 syntypes: 6 males, 2 females. Male in very good condition, labelled “Sibiria Schnabl”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “Scatophaga mollis Becker lectotype Designated by J.R. Vockeroth 19”, has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype. Type-locality: “Sibiria” (Russia). All other syntypes have been labelled as paralectotypes:
2 males, both in good conition and labelled “Sibiria Schnabl”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “Scatophaga mollis Becker PARAlectotype labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”; female (right wing damaged), labelled “Sibiria Schnabl”, “11453”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “Scatina mollis Lw.”, “Scatophaga mollis Becker PARAlectotype labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”; 3 males (one without right postpedicel), all in good condition, and female (left hind leg, left wing, and abdomen missing), each labelled “Sibiria Schnabl”, “Coll. H. Loew”. All paralectotypes are conspecific with the lectotype.
Current name: A good species of Scathophaga Meigen, 1803.
Described from “Ein Pärchen aus Süd-Tirol vom Lusier Pass”.
ZMHB material: both syntypes. Male (head missing), labelled “Lusier Pass 19/6 90 25520” [= 19 June 1890], “Amaurosoma nigrifrontata Becker lectotype Designated by Vockeroth 19”, has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype. Type-locality: “Süd-Tirol vom Lusier Pass” [now Passo di Lusia (Italy, Trentino)]. The female is in very good condition, labelled “Lusier Pass 19/6 90 25522”, “PARAlectotype Amaurosoma nigrifrontata Beck. labelled [by] Vockeroth”, “Nanna nigrifrontata Beck. Det. 1962 J.R.Vockeroth” has been labelled as paralectotype. Both specimens are conspecific with Nanna tibiella (Zetterstedt, 1838).
Current name: A new junior synonym of Nanna tibiella (Zetterstedt, 1838), syn. n.
Described from an unspecified number of females from “Posen”. A single specimen is mentioned in the “Catalog General Musei Zoologici Berolinensis” as Cordylura nigriventris (No 11392). It was studied by
ZMHB material: lectotype female (left mid leg and right hind tarsal segments 2–5 are missing and the apex of the right wing is damaged), labelled “23/5 43.”, “11392”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “Type”, “Cordylura nigriventris m.”, “Cordylura nigriventris Lw. lectotype Designated by Vockeroth 19”, “Zool. Mus. Berlin”. Type-locality: “Posen” (Poland, Poznań).
Current name:Spathephilus nigriventris (Loew, 1864).
Described from “Ein Männchen aus Kärnthen in der Sammlung des Herrn Prof. Tief; ein Männchen aus Schlesien”.
ZMHB material: there is one male, near the box label “nutans Becker”, labelled “Liegnitz 10/5 30636” [10 May 1893]. It was mentioned by Vockeroth as lectotype of Amaurosoma nutans and is highly probably a syntype. In the Becker’s Catalogue there is an entry “Panten bei Liegnitz” (now Pątnów Legnicki near Legnica). It has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype. Type-locality: Legnica (formerly Liegnitz), Poland. It was correctly determined by Vockeroth as Nanna tibiella (Zetterstedt).
Current name: A junior synonym of Nanna tibiella (Zetterstedt, 1838). Synonymized by
Described from “2 Pärchen von der Insel Nikander und Dudinka” [Russia, West Siberia]. Most syntypes are deposited in ZMUH (
ZMHB material: female syntype (damaged, left wing, left mid leg, both hind legs missing, abdomen glued to the mount), labelled “250”, “J. Sahlb.”, “Ins. Nikandr.”, “42482”, “obscurinervis Beck.”, “Scatophaga obscurinervis Becker PARAlectotype labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”. It has been labelled as a syntype.
Current name:Scathophaga obscurinervis (Becker, 1900).
Described from an unspecified number of females from “Kärnthen”. A single specimen is mentioned in the “Catalog General Musei Zoologici Berolinensis” as Cordylura opaca (No 11385). It has been studied, labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype.
ZMHB material: the lectotype female has been mainly consumed by a beetle pest, and all that remain are the head, legs (except right hind leg), and some small fragments of thorax, labelled “Saualp aug. 55”, “Coll. H.Loew”, “11385”, “Cordylura opaca Lw”, “Type”, “Cordylura opaca Loew lectotype Designated by J.R. Vockeroth 19”. Type-locality: Saualpe (Kärnten [Carinthia], Austria).
Current name: because of its poor condition, the identity of the lectotype is difficult to determine. The name was synonymized by
Described from an unspecified number of both sexes from “St. Moritz”.
ZMHB material: male and female syntypes. The male (slightly wrinkled, abdomen dissected and placed in a microvial of glycerine), labelled “St. Moritz 26/6 9629” [26 June 1886], “Scatophaga ordinata Becker lectotype Designated by J.R. Vockeroth 19”, “Scopeuma taeniopum Rond. det. 1954 J.R. Vockeroth”, has been labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype. Type-locality: St. Moritz (Switzerland). I agree with the determination by Vockeroth that it conspecific with S. taeniopa (Rondani, 1867). The female is in good condition and is labelled “St. Moritz 28/6 9819”, “Scatophaga ordinata Becker PARAlectotype labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”, “Scatophaga taeniopa Rond. det. 1962 J.R. Vockeroth”, and has been labelled as paralectotype; Vockeroth’s determination is correct.
Current name: A junior synonym of Scathophaga taeniopa (Rondani, 1867).
Described from a female holotype (
ZMHB material: holotype and 1 paratype, each labelled by Hering accordingly, but both are males, not females. Holotype male in good condition, but abdomen dissected and placed in a microvial of glycerine, labelled “Jungfernheide. 4.7.20 Nr. 1513 Mt. Hering. MZ”, “Paris quadrif”, “Paralleloma paridis m. type det. Mart Hering”, “coll. Hypon. M. Hering”, “Type ♀”, “Zool. Mus. Berlin”, “HOLOTYPUS ♂ Parallelomma paridis Hering 1923: 200 det. A.L. Ozerov, 2010”, “Parallelomma vittatum (Meigen) ♂ det. A.L. Ozerov, 2010”. Type-locality: Jungfernheide, Berlin (Germany). Photos of the original labels of the holotype were given by
Male paratype in good condition, labelled “Jungfernheide. 4.7.20 Nr. 1513 Mt. Hering. MZ”, “Paris quadrif”, “Paralleloma paridis m. det. Mart Hering”, “coll. Hypon. M. Hering”, “Paratypus”, “Zool. Mus. Berlin”, “Chylizos. vittatum Meig. ♂ Det. F. Šifner”, “PARATYPUS ♂ Parallelomma paridis Hering 1923: 200 det. A.L. Ozerov, 2010”, “Parallelomma vittatum (Meigen) ♂ det. A.L. Ozerov, 2010”.
Current name: A junior synonym of Parallelomma vittatum (Meigen, 1826), as currently understood.
Described from an unspecified number of females from “Sibirien”. A single specimen is mentioned in the “Catalog General Musei Zoologici Berolinensis” as Cordylura picticornis (No 11369). It has been studied, labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype.
ZMHB material: lectotype female in very good condition, labelled “11369”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “Cordylura picticornis m.”, “Type”, “Cordylura picticornis Lw. lectotype Designated by J.R. Vockeroth 19” and provided with a small black label. Type-locality: “Sibiria” (Russia).
Current name:Cordilura picticornis (Loew, 1864), correctly recognised by recent authors.
Described from a single male “oberhalb Gastein zwischen Böckstein und Nassfeld, nahe dem Bärenfall”.
SDEI material: holotype male in very good condition (abdomen in a microvial of glycerine), labelled “Gastein 10.7.07”, “pictipenne Old.”, “n.sp.”, “coll. Oldenberg”, “Scatophaga”, “Typus”, “Holotypus”, “Scatophaga HOMOTYPE maculipennis Ringd. Compared by J.R.Vockeroth 1954”. Type-locality: Gastein valley (Austria).
Current name:Scathophaga pictipennis (Oldenberg, 1923), correctly recognised by recent authors.
Described from “Ein Weibchen in der Loew’schen Sammlung aus Kultuk”.
ZMHB material: female holotype (abdomen dissected and glued on card, right hind tibia and tarsus missing), labelled “Kultuk v. Maak”, “rubifrontata Beck.”, “Type”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “13885”, “Cordylura sp. nov. an var. praec.”, “Cordilura ciliata Meigen det. Šifner, ♀”. Type-locality: Kultuk (Russia, Baikal Area, 51.7221N 103.6951E). Conspecific with Cordilura aberrans Becker, 1894, not with Cordilura ciliata (Meigen, 1826), as was determined and published by
Current name: A new junior synonym of Cordilura aberrans (Becker, 1894), syn. n.
Described from “5 Exemplare aus Kantaika u. Dudinka” [Russia, West Siberia]. Most syntypes are in Helsinki University Museum (ZMHU) and a lectotype will be selected from the syntypes in this Museum.
ZMHB material: 1 male and 1 female syntypes. Male (head missing, both wings damaged), labelled “185”, “Dudinka”, “J.Sahlb.”, “Sahlbergi Beck.”, “42487”, “Lasioscelus sahlbergi Beck. PARAlectotype labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”, “Pogonota sahlbergi Beck. Det. 1963 J.R. Vockeroth”; and female (both wings damaged), labelled “69”, “Kantaika”, “J.Sahlb.”, “Lasioscelus Sahlbergi Beck.”, “42487”, “Lasioscelus sahlbergi Beck. PARAlectotype labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”, “Pogonota sahlbergi Beck. Det. 1963 J.R. Vockeroth”, “Lasioscelus sahlbergi Becker ♀ Det. F. Šifner 1973”. Both have been labelled as syntypes.
Current name:Pogonota sahlbergi (Becker, 1900), correctly recognised by recent authors.
Described from 5 specimens of both sexes “vom Tschernyschew-Berge auf Nowaja-Semlja. 5. Aug. 1896”. 3 syntypes are in ZISP and a lectotype was designated from these syntypes (
ZMHB material: 1 male and 1 female syntypes. Male (right wing, right mid and hind legs missing), labelled “N. Semlja mons Tshernyschewi J. Jacobs on 5.VIII.96”, “41955”, “Scatophaga septentrionalis Beck. SYNtype labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”, “Scopeuma varipes Holm. Det. 1954 J.R. Vockeroth”. Female (right wing damaged), labelled “N. Semlja mons Tshernyschewi J. Jacobs on 5.VIII.96”, “41955”, “septentrionalis Beck.”, “Scatophaga septentrionalis Beck. SYNtype labelled 1954 by J.R. Vockeroth”, “Scopeuma varipes Holm. Det. 1954 J.R. Vockeroth”. Both are conspecific with Scathophaga varipes (Holmgren, 1883) and have been labelled as paralectotypes.
Current name: A junior synonym of Scathophaga varipes (Holmgren, 1883).
Described from an unspecified number of both sexes [“C. pudica. Zett. Dipt. Sc. V. 1998, 3 [“Suecia meridionali... in Scania... ad Hafniam” (Sweden, Denmark)]; Rond., Prodr. VII, 14, 4.[«unicum exemplar germanicum» (Germany)]”].
ZMHB and SDEI material: no type-material found.
Current name: A good species of Cordilura, correctly recognised by recent authors.
Described from a single female from Primorskiy Кray (Russia).
SDEI material: holotype female (left fore leg, exept coxa missing, right wing damaged), labelled “Russia: Primorskiy Кray Sichоtе-Аlin, Biol. Stat. 30 km SE Chuguyevka, 44.05 N, 134.12 Е 650 m, Malaisefаllе 31.V.–03.VI.1993 leg. С. Lange & J. Ziegler”. Type-locality: 30 km SE Chuguyevka (44.05N, 134.12Е) (Russia, Primorskiy Кray).
Current name:Langechristia speciosa Ozerov, 1999.
Described from “Ein Männchen und zwei Weibchen in der Sammlung des Prof. Strobl.”, locality not stated.
ZMHB material: 1 female syntype. This female (right mid leg missing), labelled “v. G Strobl aus Seitenstetten [Austria]”, “8/5 88”, “tinctinervis Beck”, “Coniosternum tinctinervis Beck. lectotype Designated by J.R. Vockeroth 19”, has been labelled as syntype.
Current name:Scathophaga tinctinervis (Becker, 1894).
Described from an unspecified number of females from “Ungarn... bei Losoncz”. A single specimen is mentioned in the “Catalog General Musei Zoologici Berolinensis” as Cordylura umbrosa (No 11398). It has been studied, labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype.
ZMHB material: male lectotype (both wing damaged at middle), with a small green label and labelled “11398”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “Losoncz Kowarz”, “Cordylura umbraculata Lw.”, “Type”, “Cordylura umbrosa Loew lectotype Designated by J.R. Vockeroth 19”, “Cordylura umbrosa Loew det. Šifner ♂”. Type-locality: “Losoncz” (Lučenec, 48.333306N 19.666695E, Slovakia). Conspecific with Cordilura impudica (Rondani, 1867).
Current name: A junior synonym of Cordilura impudica (Rondani, 1867), as currently understood.
Described from an unspecified number of females from “Andalusien”. A single specimen is mentioned in the “Catalog General Musei Zoologici Berolinensis” as Cordylura unicolor (No 11373). It has been studied, labelled and is herewith designated as lectotype.
ZMHB material: lectotype female in very good condition, labelled “Spanien Stauding”, “11373”, “Coll. H. Loew”, “Cordylura unicolor m..”, “Type”, “Cordylura umbrosa Loew lectotype Designated by J.R. Vockeroth 19”. Type-locality: “Andalusien” (Spain, Andalusia). Conspecific with Cordilura albipes (Fallén, 1819), not with Parallelomma vittatum (Meigen, 1826) as considered
Current name: A new junior synonym of Cordilura albipes (Fallén, 1819), syn. n.
Described from 8 males and 5 females taken in the Alps of Austria, Switzerland, and Italy.
ZMHB material: holotype male (
12 paratypes: 3 males and 4 females same locality as holotype, 28.VI. (9419), 3.VII. (10566, 10567), 4.VII.(10616, 10617, 10642) and 16.VII (11722); 2 males [Italy] “Vallombrosa 54041 V”; 2 males [Switzerland] “Linthal”, 31.5.[19]13 and 6.6.[19]13; 1 female [Austria] “Schneeb[erg] Jul.[18]55”, “coll. H. Loew”. Three of these paratypes are in ZMUM (
Current name:Norellisoma vockerothi Ozerov, 2013.
Described from 3 males and 2 females from Кhabarovskiy Кray (Russia).
SDEI material: holotype male (
Current name:Langechristia ziegleri Ozerov, 1999.
Acanthocnema glaucescens (Loew, 1864)
Acanthocnema latipennis Becker, 1894
Cordilura aberrans (Becker, 1894)
rubifrontata Becker, 1894, syn. n.
Cordilura albipes (Fallén, 1819)
unicolor Loew, 1864, syn. n.
Cordilura bezzii (Sack, 1937)
Cordilura fulvifrons Ozerov, 1997
Cordilura impudica (Rondani, 1867)
umbrosa Loew, 1873
Cordilura picipes (Meigen, 1826)
biseta Loew, 1864
Cordilura picticornis (Loew, 1864)
Cordilura socialis (Becker, 1894)
Cordilura ustulata (Zetterstedt, 1838)
melanacra Loew, 1873
Gimnomera castanipes (Becker, 1894)
Gimnomera lasiostoma (Becker, 1894)
Gonarcticus arcticus (Becker, 1907)
Langechristia amica Ozerov, 1999
Langechristia speciosa Ozerov, 1999
Langechristia ziegleri Ozerov, 1999
Megaphthalma longicornis Hendel, 1913
Nanna armillata (Zetterstedt, 1846)
mensurata Becker, 1894
Nanna articulata (Becker, 1894)
Nanna flavipes (Fallén, 1819)
minuta Becker, 1894
Nanna inermis (Becker, 1894)
Nanna loewi (Becker, 1894)
Nanna tibiella (Zetterstedt, 1838)
nigrifrontata Becker, 1894, syn. n.
nutans Becker, 1894
Norellia tipularia (Fabricius, 1794)
melaleuca Loew, 1873
Norellisoma femorale (Loew, 1864)
Norellisoma lesgiae (Becker, 1894)
Norellisoma lituratum (Meigen, 1826)
opaca Loew, 1864
Norellisoma vockerothi Ozerov, 2013
Okeniella dasyprocta (Loew, 1864)
Parallelomma media Becker, 1894
Parallelomma vittatum (Meigen, 1826)
paridis Hering, 1923
Pogonota sahlbergi (Becker, 1900)
Scathophaga alata (Becker, 1914)
Scatophaga albidohirta (Becker, 1907)
Scathophaga dasythrix (Becker, 1894)
Scathophaga incola (Becker, 1900)
Scathophaga litorea (Fallén, 1819)
islandica Becker, 1894
Scathophaga mollis (Becker, 1894)
Scathophaga multisetosa (Holmgren, 1883)
arctica Becker, 1897
Scathophaga obscurinervis (Becker, 1900)
Scathophaga pictipennis (Oldenberg, 1923)
Scathophaga taeniopa (Rondani, 1867)
ordinata Becker, 1894
Scathophaga tinctinervis (Becker, 1894)
Scathophaga varipes (Holmgren, 1883)
septentrionalis Becker, 1897
Spathephilus nigriventris (Loew, 1864)
breviventris Loew, 1873
Spaziphora hydromyzina (Fallén, 1819)
fascipes Becker, 1894
It is a pleasure to acknowledge the sustained interest and assistance of Dr. Frank Menzel, Jenny Pohl, and Dr. Joachim Ziegler during my visits to the museums of Müncheberg and Berlin, and in correspondence at all times. My study visit to Berlin and Müncheberg was made possible by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft in March 2012.
I am also most grateful for to Dr. Joachim Ziegler and Dr. Adrian Pont who kindly read the manuscript and offered useful comments.