Shells of species of the subgenera Radix s. str. and Exsertiana. A. Radix rubiginosa (Malaysia, Kuala-Lumpur; LMBI); B. R. rubiginosa (1846, Indonesia, Java Island, “Batavia”; ZMUC); C. R. rubiginosa var. intumescens (Indonesia, Java Island, Surabaya; ZMB); D. R. natalensis (= Limnaea undussumae) (Congo, Undussuma; ZMB). E. R. natalensis (= Limnaea arabica Smith; the holotype; NHMUK); F. R. natalensis f. gravieri (10.03.1966, Ethiopia, lower Avash valley, swamp between Assaita and Dubte; NHMUK). G. R. rufescens (24.11.2016, Myanmar, Yetho River, near the dam; LMBI); H. R. rufescens var. patula (India, Ganges River; ZMB); I. R. rufescens var. chlamys (India, Moradabad; probably syntype; NHMUK). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, E, F), 5 mm (C, D, G, I).