Map of the samples obtained for the present work. Circles = Australoheros autrani species group; Red circles = Southern Mata Atlântica clade; Yellow circles = Upper/middle Paraíba do Sul river basin and adjacent drainages clade; Green circles – Northern Mata Atlântica clade; and Square = A. sp. Timbé do Sul. Localities: A. autrani = 1 and 18, A. barbosae = 2, 3, 10, 11 and 19, A. ipatinguensis = 4, A. macacuensis = 5, A. macaensis = 6, A. muriae = 9, A. perdi = 12, A. ribeirae = 14, A. robustus = 7, 8, 15, 16 and 20, A. sanguineus = 17, A. cf. capixaba = 13, and A. sp. Timbé do Sul = 21.