The Primary Types of Scathophagidae ( Diptera ) in the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin , and Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut , Germany

The primary types (holotypes, lectotypes, and syntypes) of the Diptera family Scathophagidae housed in the Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Müncheberg, both in Germany, are revised. 50 species of Scathophagidae are enumerated. The species are listed alphabetically, and the account concludes with a systematic nomenclatural summary. Detailed information is given on the specimens, their labelling and their condition. 28 lectotypes are designated [Acanthocnema latipennis Becker, 1894 (Poland); Amaurosoma articulata Becker, 1894 (Poland); Amaurosoma inermis Becker, 1894 (Latvia or Estonia); Amaurosoma minuta Becker, 1894 (Latvia or Estonia); Amaurosoma nigrifrontata Becker, 1894 (Italy); Amaurosoma nutans Becker, 1894 (Poland); Cochliarium castanipes Becker, 1894 (Switzerland); Cochliarium lasiostoma Becker, 1894 (Switzerland); Cordylura aberrans Becker, 1894 (Sweden); Cordylura bezzii Sack, 1937 (Italy); Cordylura biseta Loew, 1864 (Denmark or Germany); Cordylura dasyprocta Loew, 1864 (Sweden); Cordylura femoralis Loew, 1864 (Austria); Cordylura glaucescens Loew, 1864 (Germany); Cordylura melaleuca Loew, 1873 (Greece); Cordylura melanacra Loew, 1873 (Poland); Cordylura nigriventris Loew, 1864 (Poland); Cordylura opaca Loew, 1864 (Austria); Cordylura picticornis Loew, 1864 (Russia); Cordylura umbrosa Loew, 1873 (Slovakia); Cordylura unicolor Loew, 1864 (Spain); Parallelomma longicornis Hendel, 1913 (Taiwan); Parallelomma media Becker, 1894 (Poland); Pselaphephila loewi Becker, 1894 (Poland); Scatophaga dasythrix Becker, 1894 (Russia); Scatophaga islandica Becker, 1894 (Iceland); Scatophaga mollis Becker, 1894 (Russia); Scatophaga ordinata Becker, 1894 (Switzerland)]. Three new synonyms are established: Amaurosoma nigrifrontata Becker, 1894 is a new junior synonym of Nanna tibiella (Zetterstedt, 1838); Cordylura rubifrontata Becker, 1894 is a new junior synonym of Cordilura aberrans (Becker, 1894); Cordylura unicolor Loew, 1864 is a new junior synonym of Cordilura albipes (Fallén, 1819). Key Words


Introduction
The Museum für Naturkunde an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (ZMHB) and Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut (SDEI) contain the most important Diptera collections in Europe.These include the collections of Friedrich Hermann Loew (1807Loew ( -1878) ) and Theodor Becker (1840Becker ( -1928)), two of the leading European dipterists of their day, who described numbers of Scathophagidae and whose collections are of significant value.
Loew's collection also contains many syntypes of scathophagid species described by Zetterstedt in 1838 and 1846.This material requires special examination together with Zetterstedt's own collection in the Museum of Zoology of Lund University (Sweden) and is not discussed in this paper except for those specimens which were described by Loew or Becker as new species (for example Cordylura aberrans Becker, 1894 or Cordylura dasyprocta Loew, 1864, see below).
The Scathophagidae types in the ZMHB and SDEI were examined by the late J.R. Vockeroth in 1954Vockeroth in -1964 who designated numerous lectotypes, but these designations were not published.
All the species discussed here are listed alphabetically.Detailed information is given on the specimens, their labelling and their condition.Finally, the current taxonomic identity is provided.
In the original paper described from an unspecified number of both sexes: "Zett., Cord.hydromyzina var.b, Dipt.Scand.V. 2037, 35" and only specimens mentioned by Zetterstedt for his var.B can be considered as syntypes.Four specimens are mentioned in "Becker Catalog Diptera" (No 30109) as Spathiophora fascipes from "Dorpat"; one of them was sent to F. Hendel.ZMHB material: 2 females, both in very good condition.
Described from an unspecified number of females from "Andalusien".A single specimen is mentioned in the "Catalog General Musei Zoologici Berolinensis" as