Research Article |
Corresponding author: Serdar Sönmez ( sonmezserdar@gmail.com ) Academic editor: Michael Ohl
© 2016 Serdar Sönmez, Serdar Sak, Süphan Karaytuğ.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Sönmez S, Sak S, Karaytuğ S (2016) A new species of Arenosetella Wilson, 1932 from Turkey with notes on the genus (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Ectinosomatidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 92(1): 119-129. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.92.7003
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A new species of the genus Arenosetella CB Wilson, 1932 is described from specimens that were collected from the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. The new species is closely related to A. fimbricaudata McLachlan & Moore, 1978, A. germanica Kunz, 1937 and A. kaiseri Lang, 1965 within the 21 species/subspecies of the genus by having five setae at the exopod of the first and the second swimming leg, six setae at the terminal exopod segment of the fourth swimming leg, four setae at the terminal segment of the endopod of the first to fourth swimming legs and four marginal and one surface seta at the exopod of the fifth swimming leg of female. It can be differentiated from all of the species above by the loss of the inner seta at the first segment of the exopod of the second and the third swimming legs. As the diagnosis of the genus was not up to date and did not cover all of the species, a revised and extended diagnosis is provided. The antenna of A. bassantae
Taxonomy, Mediterranean Sea, interstitial, intertidal, meiofauna
In the course of a survey conducted along the mediolittoral zone of the Mediterranean coast of Turkey between 2007–2008, a new species of the genus Arenosetella was encountered in the interstitial samples and is described herein.
The genus Arenosetella CB Wilson, 1932 is one of the 21 genera of the family Ectinosomatidae (
The genus was established by
The antenna of A. bassantae
Samples were collected from 42 interstitial habitats along the mediolittoral (intertidal) zone of the Mediterranean Coast of Turkey (Fig.
St. | Sampling Dates | Localities | Coordinates | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | 2. | 3. | 4. | |||
Y1 | - | 25.07.07 | 24.11.07 | - | 100 m south of Asi River, /Hatay | N36°02.774’; E35°57.753’ |
1 | 07.04.07 | 25.07.07 | 24.11.07 | Samandağ beach, Mağaracık / Hatay | N36°05.783’; E35°56.182’ | |
2 | 07.04.07 | 25.07.07 | 24.11.07 | North of Mağaracık / Hatay | N36°08.315’; E35°54.598’ | |
Y2 | - | 25.07.07 | 24.11.07 | North of Samandağ beach / Hatay | N36°15.344’; E35°49.028’ | |
4 | 07.04.07 | 25.07.07 | 24.11.07 | Arsuz beach / Hatay | N36°24.808’; E35°53.202’ | |
7 | 07.04.07 | 24.07.07 | 24.11.07 | Payas beach / Hatay | N36°45.604’; E36°11.834’ | |
8 | 08.04.07 | 24.07.07 | 25.11.07 | 13.09.08 | Kurtpınar beach / Hatay | N36°53.409’; E35°56.775’ |
11 | 08.04.07 | 24.07.07 | 25.11.07 | West beach of Yumurtalık /Adana | N36°46.133’; E35°46.553’ | |
13 | 08.04.07 | 24.07.07 | 25.11.07 | 13.09.08 | Deveciuşağı village / Adana | N36°44.809’; E35°37.699’ |
16 | 09.04.07 | 26.07.07 | 26.11.07 | Kazanlı beach / Mersin | N36°48.617’; E34°45.442’ | |
17 | 09.04.07 | 26.07.07 | 26.11.07 | Viranşehir beach / Mersin | N36°44.357’; E34°32.478’ | |
23 | 10.04.07 | 27.07.07 | 27.11.07 | 14.09.08 | Arkum beach / Mersin | N36°21.519’; E34°04.762’ |
26 | 10.04.07 | 27.07.07 | 27.11.07 | 14.09.08 | Akçakıl camping area-Taşucu/Mersin | N36°17.829’; E33°50.863’ |
29 | 10.04.07 | 27.07.07 | 27.11.07 | Vadi/Mersin | N36°15.129’; E33°48.489’ | |
31 | 11.04.07 | 28.07.07 | 28.11.07 | - | West of Yeşilovacık/Mersin | N36°11.297’; E33°37.723’ |
33 | 11.04.07 | 28.07.07 | 28.11.07 | - | Ahi beach, (East side) | N36°08.990’; E33°29.961’ |
34 | 11.04.07 | 28.07.07 | 28.11.07 | - | Ağaçlı beach / Mersin | N36°09.382’; E33°28.917’ |
35 | 11.04.07 | 28.07.07 | 28.11.07 | - | Eskur-2 beach / Mersin | N36°09.315’; E33°26.548’ |
38 | 11.04.07 | 28.07.07 | 28.11.07 | 15.09.08 | Tekeli beach / Mersin | N36°08.281’; E33°09.728’ |
39 | 11.04.07 | - | - | - | Gözsüzce beach / Mersin | N36°08.934’; E33°07.734’ |
40 | 11.04.07 | 28.07.07 | 28.11.07 | - | Bozyazı beach / Mersin | N36°06.023’; E32°58.201’ |
41 | 11.04.07 | 28.07.07 | 29.11.07 | 15.09.08 | Mamure castle beach / Mersin | N36°05.167’; E32°54.354’ |
42 | 12.04.07 | 29.07.07 | 29.11.07 | - | Anamur beach / Mersin | N36°04.319’; E32°52.271’ |
Y12 | - | 29.07.07 | 29.11.07 | - | Dragon kamping beach, / Mersin | N36°04.806’; E32°53.480’ |
43 | 12.04.07 | 29.07.07 | 29.11.07 | - | 2 km east of Anamuryum / Mersin | N36°01.959’; E32°48.749’ |
44 | 12.04.07 | 29.07.07 | 29.11.07 | - | Melleç beach / Mersin | N36°02.582’; E32°41.029’ |
45 | 12.04.07 | 29.07.07 | 29.11.07 | - | Kaledran beach / Mersin | N36°05.932’; E32°34.066’ |
46 | 12.04.07 | 29.07.07 | 29.11.07 | - | Gazipaşa marina / Antalya | N36°16.137’; E32°16.783’ |
47 | 12.04.07 | 29.07.07 | 29.11.07 | - | East of Demirtaş /Antalya | N36°22.930’; E32°11.374’ |
49 | 12.04.07 | 29.07.07 | 29.11.07 | - | Alanya Krizantem hotel beach / Antalya | N36°32.066’; E32°02.028’ |
50 | 12.04.07 | 29.07.07 | 29.11.07 | - | Payallar beach / Antalya | N36°35.549’; E31°50.348’ |
52 | 12.04.07 | 29.07.07 | 29.11.07 | - | 10 km east of İncekum / Antalya | N36°40.720’; E31°37.163’ |
Y13 | - | 30.07.07 | 30.11.07 | - | Boğazkent beach / Antalya | N36°49.866’; E31°09.394’ |
57 | 13.04.07 | 30.07.07 | 30.11.07 | - | Lara beach / Antalya | N36°51.031’; E30°50.966’ |
59 | 13.04.07 | 30.07.07 | 01.12.07 | - | Küçükçaltıcak beach, Kemer / Antalya | N36°47.710’; E30°34.490’ |
61 | 13.04.07 | 31.07.07 | 01.12.07 | - | East of Kemer / Antalya | N36°37.291’; E30°33.399’ |
62 | 13.04.07 | 31.07.07 | 01.12.07 | 16.09.08 | Phaselis beach / Antalya | N36°31.624’; E30°33.087’ |
65 | 13.04.07 | 31.07.07 | 01.12.07 | - | Karaöz beach / Antalya | N36°16.467’; E30°24.543’ |
66 | 13.04.07 | 31.07.07 | 01.12.07 | - | Mavikent beach / Antalya | N36°17.269’; E30°20.491’ |
67 | 14.04.07 | 31.07.07 | 01.12.07 | 16.09.08 | Hasyurt intersection / Antalya | N36°18.913’; E30°11.915’ |
68 | 14.04.07 | 31.07.07 | - | - | 3 km east of Finike, Sahilkent / Antalya | N36°18.491’; E30°09.857’ |
74 | 14.04.07 | 01.08.07 | 01.12.07 | - | Patara beach / Antalya | N36°15.162’; E29°18.720’ |
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examinations were made with a Zeiss SUPRA 55VP (FESEM) microscope in Mersin University Advanced Technology Education, Research and Application Centre (MEITAM). Specimens for SEM observation were prepared as described in
Ectinosomatidae. Body cylindrical, slightly compressed laterally, without definite demarcation between urosome and prosome. All somites except the penultimate somite with hyaline frills. Genital double somite without any trace of subdivision. Penultimate somite with a parabolic shaped pseudo-operculum. Anal somite ornamented with cuticular projections. Antennule 5 or 6 segmented in female, first segment with a long plumose seta; 6 or 7 segmented in male. Antenna basis distinct, with two segmented endopod and three segmented exopod, first segment of exopod naked or with a seta at inner distal corner, second segment with a seta at inner distal corner, last segment bears a short and a relatively long seta apically. Maxillae well developed, syncoxa slightly longer than wide, with three endites, basis elongated, about two times as long as syncoxa, slightly tapers to the tip, endopod uni-segmented, very short and curved on the anterior margin of the basis. Maxilliped stenopodial. P1-P4 with three segmented rami. Endopod longer than exopod. Setal formula of the swimming legs:
Holotype ♀ [BM(NH) 1999.1236]
Antenna (Fig.
Differs from all other members of the genus by the unique shape of the anal somite dorsal ornamentation which is a strongly chitinised symmetric projection, resembling three strong spines with a common base on dorsal surface.
Kazanlı beach/Mersin (st16), 09.04.2007, 36°48.614’N - 34°45.434’E. Leg. Süphan Karaytuğ, Serdar Sak, Alp Alper, Serdar Sönmez.
Holotype ♀ (ZMADYU2015/01) and paratype ♂ (ZMADYU2015/02) dissected in 8 slides, 13 ♀♀ and 11♂♂ in ethanol (BUZM).
1. Sampling st1 (3♀♀, 1♂), st13 (2♀), st17 (9♀♀, 7♂♂), st23 (13♀♀, 4♂♂), st29 (11♀♀), st33 (11♀♀, 1♂), st34 (8♀♀, 4♂♂), st39 (3♀♀), st40 (15♀♀), st41 (3♀♀, 3♂♂), st42 (4♂♂), st44 (1♀), st45 (16♀♀, 4♂♂), st52 (4♀♀, 6♂♂), st65 (2♀♀, 3♂♂), st66 (11♀♀, 11♂♂), st68 (1♀), st74 (2♀♀, 1♂); 2. Sampling st1 (2♀♀), st2 (20♀♀, 4♂♂), st7 (2♂♂), st8 (14♀♀, 20♂♂), st11 (13♀♀, 4♂♂), st23 (12♀♀, 3♂♂), st29 (2♀♀), st31 (1♀), st32 (4♀♀), st35 (4♀♀), st40 (3♀♀), st45 (3♀♀, 1♂), st46 (5♀♀, 4♂♂), st47 (26♀♀, 2♂♂), st50 (2♀♀, 3♂♂), st57 (5♀♀), st59 (1♀), st61 (1♀), st62 (1♀), st65 (11♀♀, 3♂♂), st66 (1♀), st67 (4♀♀, 3♂♂), stY1 (14♀♀), stY12 (1♀), stY13 (8♀♀, 10♂♂); 3. Sampling st1 (5♂♂), st4 (1♀, 2♂♂), st8 (9♀♀, 3♂♂), st11 (8♀♀, 1♂), st16 (2♀♀, 1♂), st17 (11♀♀, 9 ♂♂), st23 (5♀♀, 1♂), st26 (2♀♀), st29 (15♀♀, 2♂♂), st34 (2♂♂), st35 (29♀♀, 1♂), st38 (1♀), st40 (46♀♀, 4♂♂), st42 (3♀♀), st43 (1♀), st45 (12 ♀), st47 (3♀♀, 1♂), st49 (1♀), st52 (36♀♀, 1♂), st57 (5♀♀, 3♂♂), st65 (14♀♀, 3♂♂), st66 (13♀♀, 6♂♂), stY1 (16♀♀, 10♂♂); 4. Sampling st23 (7♀♀), st26 (3♀♀) (BUZM).
Total body length from tip of rostrum to the posterior margin of the caudal rami 353 µm (267 - 412 µm, mean = 348 µm, n = 10). Body (Fig.
Caudal rami (Figs
Rostrum (Figs
Antennule (Figs
Antenna (Fig.
Mandible (Fig.
Maxillule (Fig.
Maxillae (Fig.
Maxilliped (Fig.
P1-P4 (Fig.
Exopod | Endopod | |
---|---|---|
P1 | 0.1.122 | 1.1.121 |
P2 | 0.1.122 | 1.2.121 |
P3 | 0.1.122 | 1.2.121 |
P4 | 0.1.222 | 1.2.121 |
P5 (Fig.
P6 (Fig.
Antennule, P5 and P6 are sexually dimorphic. Total body length from tip of rostrum to the posterior margin of the caudal rami 364 µm (253-364 µm, mean = 322 µm, n = 6). Body ornamentation (Fig.
Antennule (Fig.
P5 (Fig.
P6 (Fig.
The specific name “lanceorostrata” refers to the spearhead shaped rostrum.
In the original description of A. bassantae the exopod of the antenna was described as “3-segmented and longer than first endopod segment. First segment with two setae on distal corner. Second segment with two setae on distal corner and one on proximal corner. The 3rd segment with two terminal setae.” (
The new species is closely related to the A. fimbricaudata McLachlan & Moore, 1978, A. germanica germanica Kunz, 1937, A. germanica galapagosensis Mielke, 1979, A. kaiseri Lang, 1965 within the 21 species / sub species of the Arenosetella by having five setae at P1-P2 exp-3, six setae at P4 exp-3, four setae at P1-P4 enp-3 and four marginal and one surface seta at P5 of female. However, it can be differentiated from all of the species above by the loss of the inner seta at the first segment of P2-P3 exopods and the unique shape of the anal somite dorsal ornamentation. Additionally the new species is very similar to A. kaiseri Lang, 1965 with its anal somite dorsal ornamentation but differs from this species by having a 5 segmented female antennule and not having an inner seta at P2 - P4 exp-1.
The first record of the genus from Turkish marine waters was provided by
This study was funded by TÜBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) under project number 106T590. We also would like to thank Dr A. Alper for his help in collecting the material.